能够响应外界刺激在水面上快速移动的光驱动微型机器人被广泛应用于各个领域,如药物输送,远程采样,和生物传感器。然而,大多数光驱动微型机器人使用石墨烯和碳纳米管作为光热材料,导致生物相容性和降解性差,这极大地限制了它们的实际生物应用。为了应对这一挑战,在这项工作中,提出了一种适用于制造光驱动微机器人的具有优异光热性能的成分和微结构设计策略。将镁基金属玻璃纳米线(Mg-MGNWs)嵌入聚羟基链烷酸酯(PHA),制备出具有优异光热效应和复杂形状的生物相容可降解微机器人。因此,微型机器人可以由近红外激光精确驱动,实现高效和长时间远程操纵水面,在2.0W/cm2的功率密度下具有9.91mm/s的速度。由于Marangoni效应,微型机器人的可编程和复杂运动,如线性,顺时针方向,逆时针,可以实现避障动作。生物相容性和可降解的微型机器人制造策略在环境检测领域具有巨大的潜力,靶向给药,疾病诊断,和检测。
Light-driven microrobots capable of moving rapidly on water surfaces in response to external stimuli are widely used in a variety of fields, such as drug delivery, remote sampling, and biosensors. However, most light-driven microrobots use graphene and carbon nanotubes as photothermal materials, resulting in poor biocompatibility and degradability, which greatly limits their practical bioapplications. To address this challenge, a composition and microstructure design strategy with excellent photothermal properties suitable for the fabrication of light-driven microrobots was proposed in this work. The Mg-based metallic glass nanowires (Mg-MGNWs) were embedded with polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) to fabricate biocompatible and degradable microrobots with excellent photothermal effect and complex shapes. Consequently, the microrobot can be precisely driven by a near-infrared laser to achieve high efficiency and remote manipulation on the water surface for a long period of time, with a velocity of 9.91 mm/s at a power density of 2.0 W/cm2. Due to the Marangoni effect, programmable and complex motions of the microrobot such as linear, clockwise, counterclockwise, and obstacle avoidance motions can be achieved. The biocompatible and degradable microrobot fabrication strategy could have great potential in the fields of environmental detection, targeted drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and detection.