Abstract：
The unprecedented navigation ability in micro/nanoscale and tailored functionality tunes micro/nanomotors as new target drug delivery systems, open up new horizons for biomedical applications. Herein, we designed a light-driven rGO/Cu2 + 1O tubular nanomotor for active targeting of cancer cells as a drug delivery system. The propulsion performance is greatly enhanced in real cell media (5% glucose cells isotonic solution), attributing to the introduction of oxygen vacancy and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layer for separating photo-induced electron-hole pairs. The motion speed and direction can be readily modulated. Meanwhile, doxorubicin (DOX) can be loaded quickly on the rGO layer because of π-π bonding effect. The Cu2 + 1O matrix in the tiny robots not only serves as a photocatalyst to generate a chemical concentration gradient as the driving force but also acts as a nanomedicine to kill cancer cells as well. The strong propulsion of light-driven rGO/Cu2 + 1O nanomotors coupled with tiny size endow them with active transmembrane transport, assisting DOX and Cu2 + 1O breaking through the barrier of the cell membrane. Compared with non-powered nanocarrier and free DOX, light-propelled rGO/Cu2 + 1O nanomotors exhibit greater transmembrane transport efficiency and significant therapeutic efficacy. This proof-of-concept nanomotor design presents an innovative approach against tumor, enlarging the list of biomedical applications of light-driven micro/nanomotors to the superficial tissue treatment.
摘要：
前所未有的微/纳米尺度导航能力和量身定制的功能调整微/纳米马达作为新的目标药物递送系统，为生物医学应用开辟了新的视野。在这里，我们设计了一种光驱动的rGO/Cu2+1O管状纳米马达，用于主动靶向癌细胞作为药物递送系统。在真实细胞培养基（5％葡萄糖细胞等渗溶液）中，推进性能大大提高，归因于引入氧空位和还原的氧化石墨烯（rGO）层，用于分离光诱导的电子-空穴对。可以容易地调节运动速度和方向。同时,由于π-π键效应,多柔比星(DOX)可以快速加载到rGO层上。微型机器人中的Cu2+1O基质不仅可以作为光催化剂产生化学浓度梯度作为驱动力，还可以作为纳米药物杀死癌细胞。光驱动rGO/Cu2+1O纳米马达的强大推进力加上微小的尺寸赋予了它们主动的跨膜运输，协助DOX和Cu2+1O突破细胞膜屏障。与无动力纳米载体和游离DOX相比，光推进rGO/Cu2+1O纳米马达表现出更高的跨膜转运效率和显著的治疗功效。这种概念验证的纳米马达设计提出了一种针对肿瘤的创新方法，将光驱动微/纳米马达的生物医学应用范围扩大到浅表组织治疗。
