Inflammatory pseudo tumor (IP) is an infrequent process with benign evolution in most cases whose etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. It usually affects young men and children, in whom the macroscopic lesion can mimic a malignant process, which is ruled out after biopsy. Therefore, the diagnosis of certainty is histological and treatment consists of corticosteroids, leaving resection for cases in which biopsy is not possible or in which it produces local complications. We present a case of an inflammatory pseudo tumor with special corticodependence that began as a long-term periodic fever and splenic focal lesion that required splenectomy for its diagnosis and that, after decreasing the corticosteroid regimen, presented recurrences at the cerebellar and systemic level requiring the association of various immunosuppressants and rituximab to achieve remission. As a result of this case, we have performed an analysis of all the pseudo tumors diagnosed in adults in the hospitals of the province of Malaga, and it has been compared with that described in the bibliography.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors (IMTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors of unclear etiology and uncertain malignant potential that affect all age groups. IMTs are most often found in the lungs; although they do occur in a variety of other organs. IMTs have been reported in the mesentery, head and neck, omentum, retroperitoneum, limbs, genitourinary tract, and, extremely rarely, in the stomach. There is scant epidemiological data on IMTs, in part, due to the absence of national and international registries.
METHODS: This is a case report of a 10-month-old girl who presented with clinical signs of fever and weight loss over a period of four months. The patient was initially diagnosed with a febrile syndrome of unknown origin. However, upon further investigation, a Gastric IMT was found, and the patient required a left hepatectomy and subtotal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction.
CONCLUSIONS: In the pediatric population clinical findings are often nonspecific. Based on this case study, we conclude that, in children with palpable masses, IMT should always be considered as a diagnostic option.