背景:抑郁症显著影响生活质量,影响全球约2.8亿人。然而,只有16.5%的受影响者接受治疗,表明治疗差距很大。虚拟现实(VR)和增强现实等沉浸式技术(IMT)通过创建用于治疗干预的沉浸式环境,为治疗抑郁症提供了新的途径。尽管有潜力,目前关于设计的证据存在显著差距,实施,以及使用IMT治疗抑郁症。
目的:我们旨在绘制针对抑郁症治疗的IMT干预措施的现有证据。
方法:这次范围审查遵循了一个方法论框架,我们系统地搜索了关于IMT和抑郁症研究的数据库。重点是涉及成人和使用IMT的随机临床试验。选择和制图过程涉及多个审阅者,以最大程度地减少偏见。
结果:搜索确定了16篇同行评审的文章,主要来自欧洲(n=10,63%),值得注意的是波兰(n=9,56%),贡献了超过一半的文章。大多数研究(9/16,56%)是在2020年至2021年之间进行的。关于参与者的人口统计,在16篇文章中,5(31%)仅涉及女性参与者,7名(44%)参与者的平均或中位年龄>60岁.关于技术方面,所有的研究都集中在VR上,大多数使用独立VR耳机(14/16,88%),干预措施通常为2到8周,主要在医院设置(11/16,69%)。16项研究中只有2项(13%)提到使用特定的VR设计框架来计划干预措施。最常用的治疗方法是Ericksonian心理治疗,在56%(9/16)的研究中使用。值得注意的是,没有一篇文章报告使用了实施框架,也没有发现实施的障碍和促成因素。
结论:本范围审查强调了使用IMT的兴趣与日俱增,尤其是VR,但强调需要更包容和全面的研究。未来的研究应该探索不同的治疗方法和成本效益,以及纳入增强现实,以充分发挥IMT在精神保健中的潜力。
BACKGROUND: Depression significantly impacts quality of life, affecting approximately 280 million people worldwide. However, only 16.5% of those affected receive treatment, indicating a substantial treatment gap. Immersive technologies (IMTs) such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality offer new avenues for treating depression by creating immersive environments for therapeutic interventions. Despite their potential, significant gaps exist in the current evidence regarding the design, implementation, and use of IMTs for depression care.
OBJECTIVE: We aim to map the available evidence on IMT interventions targeting depression treatment.
METHODS: This scoping review followed a methodological framework, and we systematically searched databases for studies on IMTs and depression. The focus was on randomized clinical trials involving adults and using IMTs. The selection and charting process involved multiple reviewers to minimize bias.
RESULTS: The search identified 16 peer-reviewed articles, predominantly from Europe (n=10, 63%), with a notable emphasis on Poland (n=9, 56%), which contributed to more than half of the articles. Most of the studies (9/16, 56%) were conducted between 2020 and 2021. Regarding participant demographics, of the 16 articles, 5 (31%) exclusively involved female participants, and 7 (44%) featured participants whose mean or median age was >60 years. Regarding technical aspects, all studies focused on VR, with most using stand-alone VR headsets (14/16, 88%), and interventions typically ranging from 2 to 8 weeks, predominantly in hospital settings (11/16, 69%). Only 2 (13%) of the 16 studies mentioned using a specific VR design framework in planning their interventions. The most frequently used therapeutic approach was Ericksonian psychotherapy, used in 56% (9/16) of the studies. Notably, none of the articles reported using an implementation framework or identified barriers and enablers to implementation.
CONCLUSIONS: This scoping review highlights the growing interest in using IMTs, particularly VR, for depression treatment but emphasizes the need for more inclusive and comprehensive research. Future studies should explore varied therapeutic approaches and cost-effectiveness as well as the inclusion of augmented reality to fully realize the potential of IMTs in mental health care.