背景:相当比例的乳腺癌病例是遗传性的,并且有可能预防。然而,采取预防措施仍然是一个重大挑战,特别是因为低收入和中等收入国家缺乏知识和意识。
方法:这项前瞻性研究在印度北部的一家大型三级癌症护理中心进行,以评估知识,意识,对女性乳腺癌患者的态度和影响进行了简短的教育干预。该研究包括三个阶段:介入前评估,教育干预,以及利用结构化问卷进行干预后评估。
结果:该研究涉及300例新诊断的乳腺癌患者;16.7%为家族性。一开始,87.0%的患者对危险因素的认识较低,90.3%关于筛查,和32.7%关于治疗。意识水平较低:13.7%的人意识到家族风险,2.7%的人意识到乳腺癌基因。基因检测的承受能力较低(15.2%),对自我和家庭成员测试的兴趣有限(32.0%和26.3%)。在教育干预之后,在知识方面注意到显著的正百分比变化(危险因素:12.8%,筛查:36.2%,治疗:82%),意识(家庭风险:66.7%,BRCA基因:12.3%),和态度(自我测试:17.8%,家庭:19.5%)。
结论:这项研究强调了乳腺癌患者在遗传学方面的重大知识差距。教育干预导致知识的显著提高,意识,和态度,强调在乳腺癌护理中量身定制的患者教育的重要性。
BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of breast cancer cases are hereditary and are potentially preventable. However, adoption of the preventive measures remains a significant challenge, particularly because of to lack of knowledge and awareness in low- to middle-income countries.
METHODS: This prospective study conducted at a high-volume tertiary care cancer center in North India to assess the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes of female breast cancer patients and impact of a brief educational intervention. The study involved three phases: pre-interventional assessment, educational intervention, and post-interventional assessment utilizing a structured questionnaire.
RESULTS: The study involved 300 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients; 16.7% were familial. At the outset, 87.0% patients had low knowledge of risk factors, 90.3% about screening, and 32.7% about treatment. Awareness levels were low: 13.7% aware of familial risk and 2.7% of breast cancer genes. Affordability of genetic testing was low (15.2%), and interest in testing for self and family members was limited (32.0% and 26.3%). Following educational intervention, a significant positive percentage change was noticed in knowledge (risk factors: 12.8%, screening: 36.2%, treatment: 82%), awareness (familial risk: 66.7%, BRCA gene: 12.3%), and attitude (testing for self: 17.8%, family: 19.5%).
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the significant knowledge gaps among breast cancer patients regarding genetics. The educational intervention led to notable improvements in knowledge, awareness, and attitudes, underscoring the importance of tailored patient education in breast cancer care.