背景:现在和将来,像COVID-19这样的空气传播疾病可能变得无法控制,并导致世界陷入封锁。寻找封锁的替代方案,限制个人自由,造成巨大的经济损失,是至关重要的。
目的:本研究的目的是评估通过大规模生产和分销高性能,在空气传播传染病大流行期间实现不需要封锁的社会或国家的可行性,低成本,和舒适的动力空气净化呼吸器(PAPRs)。
方法:从以下角度研究了使用PAPR作为锁定替代方案的社会系统的可行性:首先,PAPR可以做什么来替代封锁;第二,如何利用PAPR操作社会系统;第三,PAPR的改进方向,作为封锁的替代方案;最后,通过使用物联网(IoT)来平衡感染控制效率和个人自由。
结果:PAPR被证明是通过减少空气传播和液滴传播以及通过每次接触感染概率的暂时降低来替代锁定的可能选择。提出了一种社会制度,在该社会制度中,封锁所施加的个人约束被PAPR所取代,并给出了其运行实例。例如,政府决定封锁的类型和强度,并启动它。当时,政府还将说明如何用PAPR代替封锁期间施加的不同活动和行动限制,例如,如果穿着PAPR,可以允许外出,以代替宵禁令。提出以下7点作为改进PAPR作为锁定的替代方法的方向:流量优化,精确的压差控制,设计改进,维护方法,变化发展,如展位类型,信息终端功能,和绩效评价方法。为了在使用PAPR作为封锁替代方案的社会系统中实现高水平的控制感染传播和个人自由的有效性和效率,利用物联网开发PAPR磨损率网络管理系统被认为是有效的。
结论:这项研究表明,在空气传播传染病大流行期间,使用具有感染控制能力且经济和社会损害较小的PAPR作为全国封锁的替代方案是可能的。Further,政府的感染控制效率和每个公民的自由可以通过使用PAPR磨损率网络管理系统利用物联网系统来平衡。
BACKGROUND: Now and in the future, airborne diseases such as COVID-19 could become uncontrollable and lead the world into lockdowns. Finding alternatives to lockdowns, which limit individual freedoms and cause enormous economic losses, is critical.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of achieving a society or a nation that does not require lockdown during a pandemic due to airborne infectious diseases through the mass production and distribution of high-performance, low-cost, and comfortable powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs).
METHODS: The feasibility of a social system using PAPR as an alternative to lockdown was examined from the following perspectives: first, what PAPRs can do as an alternative to lockdown; second, how to operate a social system utilizing PAPR; third, directions of improvement of PAPR as an alternative to lockdown; and finally, balancing between efficiency of infection control and personal freedom through the use of Internet of Things (IoT).
RESULTS: PAPR was shown to be a possible alternative to lockdown through the reduction of airborne and droplet transmissions and through a temporary reduction of infection probability per contact. A social system in which individual constraints imposed by lockdown are replaced by PAPRs was proposed, and an example of its operation is presented in this paper. For example, the government determines the type and intensity of the lockdown and activates it. At that time, the government will also indicate how PAPR can be substituted for the different activity and movement restrictions imposed during a lockdown, for example, a curfew order may be replaced with the permission to go outside if wearing a PAPR. The following 7 points were raised as directions for improvement of PAPR as an alternative method to lockdown: flow optimization, precise differential pressure control, design improvement, maintenance method, variation development such as booth type, information terminal function, and performance evaluation method. In order to achieve the effectiveness and efficiency in controlling the spread of infection and the individual freedom at a high level in a social system that uses PAPRs as an alternative to lockdown, it was considered effective to develop a PAPR wearing rate network management system utilizing IoT.
CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that using PAPR with infection control ability and with less economic and social damage as an alternative to nationwide lockdown is possible during a pandemic due to airborne infectious diseases. Further, the efficiency of the government\'s infection control and each citizen\'s freedom can be balanced by using the PAPR wearing rate network management system utilizing an IoT system.