在人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒(HTLV)类型中,HTLV-1是最普遍的,它与一系列疾病相关,包括HAM/TSP,ATLL,高度感染综合征或播散性圆线虫病。目前尚无针对HTLV-1感染及其相关疾病的全球标准一线治疗方法。为了解决这个问题,进行了全面审查,分析来自PubMed数据库的30篇最新论文,CAPES期刊,虚拟健康图书馆(VHL)这些研究涵盖了广泛的治疗方法,包括抗逆转录病毒药物,免疫调节剂,抗肿瘤塑料,氨基酸,抗寄生虫药,甚至是天然产品和植物提取物。值得注意的是,文章数量最多的类别与治疗ATLL的药物有关。在过去的5年中,采用mogamulizumab作为ATLL的新视角的研究受到了更多的关注,展示功效,老年人安全使用,显著的抗肿瘤活性,并增加了难治性患者的生存时间。关于HAM/TSP,尽管建议使用皮质类固醇,除皮质激素外,还需要更多的随机临床试验来支持其他治疗.该研究还包括对用于治疗与HTLV-1共感染的播散性圆线虫病的药物的全面审查,包括其给药形式,为了强调差距并促进其他旨在更好地指导方法的研究的发展。此外,对接分子和计算机模拟在识别新的治疗靶点和重新利用现有药物方面显示出希望。这些进展对于开发针对HTLV-1及其相关疾病的更有效和靶向的治疗至关重要。
Among the human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) types, HTLV-1 is the most prevalent, and it has been linked to a spectrum of diseases, including HAM/TSP, ATLL, and hyperinfection syndrome or disseminated strongyloidiasis. There is currently no globally standard first-line treatment for HTLV-1 infection and its related diseases. To address this, a comprehensive review was conducted, analyzing 30 recent papers from databases PubMed, CAPES journals, and the Virtual Health Library (VHL). The studies encompassed a wide range of therapeutic approaches, including antiretrovirals, immunomodulators, antineoplastics, amino acids, antiparasitics, and even natural products and plant extracts. Notably, the category with the highest number of articles was related to drugs for the treatment of ATLL. Studies employing mogamulizumab as a new perspective for ATLL received greater attention in the last 5 years, demonstrating efficacy, safe use in the elderly, significant antitumor activity, and increased survival time for refractory patients. Concerning HAM/TSP, despite corticosteroid being recommended, a more randomized clinical trial is needed to support treatment other than corticoids. The study also included a comprehensive review of the drugs used to treat disseminated strongyloidiasis in co-infection with HTLV-1, including their administration form, in order to emphasize gaps and facilitate the development of other studies aiming at better-directed methodologies. Additionally, docking molecules and computer simulations show promise in identifying novel therapeutic targets and repurposing existing drugs. These advances are crucial in developing more effective and targeted treatments against HTLV-1 and its related diseases.