BACKGROUND: The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) can easily identify malnutrition-associated morbidity and mortality. We investigated the association between preoperative GNRI and 30-d mortality in geriatric burn patients who underwent surgery.
METHODS: The study involved geriatric burn patients (aged ≥ 65 y) who underwent burn surgery between 2012 and 2022. The GNRI was computed using the following formula: 1.489 × serum albumin concentration (mg/L) + 41.7 × patient body weight/ideal body weight. Patients were dichotomized into the high GNRI (≥ 82) and low GNRI (< 82) groups. GNRI was evaluated as an independent predictor of 30-d postoperative mortality. The study also evaluated the association between GNRI and sepsis, the need for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and pneumonia.
RESULTS: Out of 270 patients, 128 (47.4%) had low GNRI (< 82). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that low GNRI was significantly associated with 30-d postoperative mortality (hazard ratio: 1.874, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.146-3.066, P = 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the 30-day mortality rate differed significantly between the low and high GNRI groups (log-rank test, P < 0.001). The 30-d postoperative mortality (hazard ratio: 2.677, 95% CI: 1.536-4.667, P < 0.001) and the incidence of sepsis (odds ratio [OR]: 2.137, 95% CI: 1.307-3.494, P = 0.004), need for CRRT (OR: 1.919, 95% CI: 1.101-3.344, P = 0.025), MACE (OR: 1.680, 95% CI: 1.018-2.773, P = 0.043), and pneumonia (OR: 1.678, 95% CI: 1.019-2.764, P = 0.044), were significantly higher in the low GNRI group than in the high GNRI group.
CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative low GNRI was associated with increased 30-d postoperative mortality, sepsis, need for CRRT, MACE, and pneumonia in geriatric burn patients.

UNASSIGNED: The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a straightforward and objective tool for nutritional screening in older patients and has been demonstrated to possess prognostic predictive value in several diseases. Nonetheless, there is a lack of research on the nutritional risk associated with brain abscess in the older. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of nutritional risk among these patients by GNRI and to investigate its potential prognostic value for clinical outcomes.
UNASSIGNED: From August 2019 to April 2023, 100 older patients diagnosed with brain abscess were enrolled in this single-center prospective cohort study, which evaluated the prognostic value of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) in elderly brain abscess patients. Data collected included demographic, and clinical characteristics at admission and calculated the GNRI, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score 6 months post-discharge. A GOS score of 5 was considered indicative of a good recovery, whereas scores ranging from 1 to 4 were classified as poor recovery.
UNASSIGNED: The results revealed that 48% of older brain abscess patients were at risk of malnutrition according to the GNRI. These patients had significantly higher post-admission C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p = 0.017), more comorbidities (p < 0.001), and higher age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (aCCI) scores (p < 0.001) compared to those without nutritional risk. Spearman correlation analysis showed that GNRI scores were negatively correlated with CRP levels, comorbidities, and aCCI scores, and positively correlated with Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores (Spearman\'s ρ = 0.624, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that lower GNRI values were linked to reduced GOS levels (OR = 0.826, 95% CI: 0.775-0.880). ROC analysis determined a GNRI threshold of 97.50 for predicting poor recovery, with 90.57% sensitivity and 87.23% specificity.
UNASSIGNED: The older brain abscess patients exhibited a high malnutrition risk. GNRI showed an important predictive value for recovery in older patients, which could be helpful in clinical intervention and rehabilitation.

This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).A total of 586 ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) over 65 years old between January 2017 and December 2018 were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into two groups by the optimal cutoff value of ALI. Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between ALI and the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE). Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Cox survival analysis, and Kaplan Meier curves were used to assess the predictive value of ALI for MACEs.Spearman\'s nonparametric test revealed a moderate correlation between ALI and the GRACE (r: -0.417, P < 0.001). Time-dependent ROC curves showed that the area under the curve for ALI was 0.751 (95% CI, 0.699-0.798) in predicting MACEs, higher than Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (0.531, 95% CI 0.435-0.627) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (0.590, 95% CI 0.505-0.676), and for combined diagnostic models (ALI + GRACE) was 0.913, (95% CI 0.875 - 0.942, P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that ALI (HR: 0.974, 95% CI: 0.952-0.996, P = 0.017) was an independent risk factor for MACEs. Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed that the cumulative incidence of MACEs was significantly higher in elderly ACS patients with lower ALI (log-rank test, P < 0.001).ALI could be a nutrition-inflammation indicator with independent predictive value for long-term MACEs of elderly ACS patients after PCI.

BACKGROUND: In the elderly people with unprotected left main distal bifurcation lesions (ULMD), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is often selected as first choice treatment strategy because of perioperative high risk of coronary artery bypass graft surgery due to their large number of comorbidities. Also, some recent papers reported that geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is also strongly associated with clinical outcomes after interventional procedures in elderly patients.
OBJECTIVE: We assessed clinical outcomes after PCI for ULMD and the impact of GNRI in elderly patients.
METHODS: We identified 669 non dialysis patients treated with current generation drug-eluting stent for ULMD from MITO registry. We divided the patients to the following 2 groups; elderly group (n = 240, age ≥75) and young group (n = 429, age <75). Additionally, we could calculate GNRI and divided elderly group into 2 group based on the median value of the GNRI. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality.
RESULTS: All-cause mortality was significantly higher in elderly group [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40-4.02; p = 0.001]. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in low GNRI elderly group compared to other 2 groups (Adjusted HR of elderly with low GNRI: 3.56, 95%CI (1.77-7.14), p < 0.001). Cardiovascular mortality was comparable between two groups. TLR rate was significantly lower in elderly group (adjusted HR 0.57; 95% CI, 0.34-0.97; p = 0.035).
CONCLUSIONS: The elderly had higher all-cause mortality after PCI for ULMD compared to young people. Especially, the elderly with low GNRI were extremely associated with poorer outcomes.

UNASSIGNED: This study investigates the association between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), a measure of malnutrition risk, and 30-day postoperative complications following revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA).
UNASSIGNED: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for all patients ≥65 who underwent aseptic rTHA between 2015 and 2021. The final study population (n = 7119) was divided into 3 groups based on preoperative GNRI: normal/reference (GNRI >98) (n = 4342), moderate malnutrition (92 ≤ GNRI ≤98) (n = 1367), and severe malnutrition (GNRI <92) (n = 1410). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between preoperative GNRI and 30-day postoperative complications.
UNASSIGNED: After controlling for significant covariates, the risk of experiencing any postoperative complications was significantly higher with both moderate (odds ratio [OR] 2.08, P < .001) and severe malnutrition (OR 8.79, P < .001). Specifically, moderate malnutrition was independently and significantly associated with deep vein thrombosis (OR 1.01, P = .044), blood transfusions (OR 1.78, P < .001), nonhome discharge (OR 1.83, P < .001), readmission (OR 1.27, P = .035), length of stay >2 days (OR 1.98, P < .001), and periprosthetic fracture (OR 1.54, P = .020). Severe malnutrition was independently and significantly associated with sepsis (OR 3.67, P < .001), septic shock (OR 3.75, P = .002), pneumonia (OR 2.73, P < .001), urinary tract infection (OR 2.04, P = .002), deep vein thrombosis (OR 1.01, P = .001), pulmonary embolism (OR 2.47, P = .019), acute renal failure (OR 8.44, P = .011), blood transfusions (OR 2.78, P < .001), surgical site infection (OR 2.59, P < .001), nonhome discharge (OR 3.36, P < .001), readmission (OR 1.69, P < .001), unplanned reoperation (OR 1.97, P < .001), length of stay >2 days (OR 5.41, P < .001), periprosthetic fractures (OR 1.61, P = .015), and mortality (OR 2.63, P < .001).
UNASSIGNED: Malnutrition has strong predictive value for short-term postoperative complications and has potential as an adjunctive risk stratification tool for geriatric patients undergoing rTHA.

UNASSIGNED: Despite previous literature exploring the factors influencing lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), few studies have examined the relationship between nutritional status and LUTS.
UNASSIGNED: The objective of this research was to evaluate the relationship between LUTS and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) in middle-aged and older men.
UNASSIGNED: We included 2,607 men in the NHANES 2005-2006 and 2007-2008 cycles for cross-sectional analysis. We screened for LUTS based on four specific questions on the relevant questionnaire. We calculated GNRI according to the relevant calculation formula and included other covariates. Multivariate logistic analysis using GNRI as the principal independent variable and adjusting for other covariates were used to determine the association with LUTS, nocturia, and daytime LUTS.
UNASSIGNED: According to the responses to the questionnaire, out of 2,607 eligible participants, 471 had LUTS, 906 had nocturia, and 819 had daytime LUTS. In the unadjusted regression model, LUTS (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.91-0.96, p < 0.001), nocturia (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.88-0.93, p < 0.001), and daytime LUTS (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.94-0.99, p = 0.002) were significantly negatively associated with GNRI. After adjustment by adding covariates, LUTS (OR = 0.97,95% CI =0.94-0.99, p = 0.026) and nocturia (OR = 0.94, 95% CI =0.91-0.93, p < 0.001) were significantly negatively associated with GNRI.
UNASSIGNED: Low GNRI was associated with the development of LUTS. In the prevention and treatment of LUTS, urologists should consider the impact of nutritional status on LUTS, and interventions for nutritional status may prevent and improve LUTS.

UNASSIGNED: Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a new and simple index recently introduced to assess nutritional status, and its predictive value for clinical outcomes has been demonstrated in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the association between the GNRI and prognosis has not been evaluated so far in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), especially in those receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).
UNASSIGNED: A total of 1096 patients with severe AKI initiating CRRT were identified for inclusion in this retrospective observational study. Patients were divided into three groups according to GNRI tertiles, with tertile 1 as the reference. The outcomes of interest were the 28- and 90-days of all-cause mortality. The associations between GNRI and clinical outcomes were estimated using multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis.
UNASSIGNED: The overall mortality rates at 28- and 90-days were 61.6% (675/1096) and 71.5% (784/1096), respectively. After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, GNRI was identified as an independent prognostic factor for 28-days all-cause mortality (HR, 0.582; 95% CI, 0.467-0.727; p < .001 for tertile 3 vs. tertile 1) as well as 90-days all-cause mortality (HR, 0.540; 95% CI, 0.440-0.661; p < .001 for tertile 3 vs. tertile 1). The observed inverse associations were robust across subgroup analysis, and were more pronounced in elderly patients over 65 years of age. Finally, incorporating GNRI in a model with established risk factors might significantly improve its predictive power for the short-term death.
UNASSIGNED: GNRI is considered to be a useful prognostic factor in patients with severe AKI initiating CRRT, especially in elderly patients.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies show that malnutrition increases all-cause mortality by 1.11 times and cardiovascular mortality by 2.60 times. Similarly, metabolic syndrome raises overall mortality by 40% and cardiovascular mortality by 37%. This research assesses the Nutritional Metabolic Risk Index (NMRI) for predicting these mortality risks.
METHODS: We analyzed data from 14,209 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018, where the NMRI was calculated based on the ratio of GNRI to TyG-WHtR. The relationship between NMRI and mortality was investigated using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression models, with restricted cubic splines (RCS) employed to examine non-linear associations. The predictive capabilities of NMRI, GNRI, and TyG-WHtR for mortality were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve analysis.
RESULTS: Over a median follow-up period of 89 months, there were 1358 all-cause deaths and 345 cardiovascular deaths recorded. Cox regression analysis indicated that each unit increase in NMRI was associated with an 8% reduction in all-cause mortality risk and a 15% reduction in cardiovascular mortality risk. RCS analysis found a nonlinear negative correlation between NMRI and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. NMRI demonstrated superior predictive accuracy for all-cause mortality (AUC: 0.696, 95% CI: 0.682-0.710) and cardiovascular mortality (AUC: 0.713, 95% CI: 0.689-0.737) compared to GNRI and TyG-WHtR (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The NMRI is inversely associated with the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in American adults.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and osteoporosis (OP) in postmenopausal elderly women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
METHODS: A total of 141 postmenopausal elderly women with T2DM was divided into OP and normal bone mineral density (BMD) groups, the differences in GRNI levels between the two groups were compared. According to the tertile levels of GRNI, T2DM were divided into three groups (T1, T2, T3 groups), and the differences in OP prevalence and levels of BMD among the three groups were compared.
RESULTS: Among postmenopausal elderly women with T2DM, GNRI levels were lower in the OP group compared to the nor-mal BMD group [(103±5.46) vs. (105±5.46), p<0.05)]. With elevated GNRI levels, the BMD levels of femoral, total hip, total body, and lumbar vertebrae (L) were gradually increased, which were higher in the T3 group than in the T1 group (all p< 0.05). GNRI levels were positively correlated with the BMD levels of femoral, spine, total hip, total body, L1, L2, L3, L4, and L1-L4. GNRI was an independent influencing factor for the occurrence of OP (OR=0.887, 95%CI [0.795,0.988]). The ROC curve showed that the GNRI combined with serum ALP and P levels had a high predictive value for OP, with an area under the curve of 0.725 (p<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: In postmenopausal elderly women with T2DM, GNRI was independently and positively correlated with BMD levels. GNRI may be a predictor development of OP.

UNASSIGNED: The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) indicates nutritional status based on serum albumin concentration and ideal body weight. Pretreatment GNRI has been suggested as a prognostic factor for various malignancies. However, little is known about the clinical value of GNRI for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), especially in elderly patients.
UNASSIGNED: We retrospectively analyzed 53 elderly (≥71) patients with extensive-disease (ED) SCLC treated with first-line platinum-doublet chemotherapy in relation to the pretreatment GNRI level in a real-world setting.
UNASSIGNED: Thirty-six patients with a low GNRI (<92) had statistically poorer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than 17 patients with a high GNRI (≥92) (median PFS=80 days vs. 133 days, respectively; p=0.002; median OS=123 days vs. 274 days, respectively; p=0.004). In a multivariate analysis, a low GNRI was also an independent poor prognostic factor for PFS [hazard ratio (HR)=0.396; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.199-0.789; p=0.008] and OS (HR=0.295; 95%CI=0.143-0.608; p<0.001).
UNASSIGNED: The GNRI might be a predictive and prognostic marker in elderly patients with ED-SCLC treated with platinum-doublet chemotherapy.