目的:描述中国中老年人握力不对称性和无力与认知功能的关系。
方法:我们使用了中国健康与退休纵向研究的四波数据(2011年、2013年、2015年和2018年)。在基线处测量手握力。基于非优势手的握力强度与优势手的握力的比率(即,非优势/优势)来定义握力不对称性:<0.9的比率被定义为优势握力不对称性,并且>1.1的比率被定义为非优势握力不对称性。虚弱被定义为男性的握力<28kg或女性的握力<18kg。
方法:评估并标准化了每波的认知功能及其两个核心维度(情景记忆和精神状态)。
结果:9333名参与者(48.3%为女性,年龄58.2±9.0岁)。非显性但非显性握力不对称性与基线认知功能较差显着相关(精神状态β=-0.121,-0.092和-0.132,情景记忆,和全球认知,分别)。在超过2年的纵向分析中,显性握力不对称性显著减缓了认知下降(精神状态和整体认知的β=-0.078和-0.069,分别),和非显性握力不对称性加速认知下降(β=0.053和0.043对于情景记忆和整体认知,分别)。虚弱与基线时认知功能较差以及2年、4年和7年认知功能下降相关(均P<0.05)。
结论:在中年人和老年人中,非显性握力不对称性和无力与认知功能较差相关,并预测认知功能加速下降.显性握力不对称性对于维持认知功能可能是有益的。
OBJECTIVE: To describe the association of handgrip strength asymmetry and weakness with cognitive function among Chinese middle-aged and older adults.
METHODS: We used data from four waves (2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Handgrip strength was measured at baseline. Handgrip strength asymmetry was defined on the basis of the ratio of handgrip strength of the non-dominant hand to that of the dominant hand (i.e. non-dominant/dominant): a ratio of <0.9 defined as dominant handgrip strength asymmetry and >1.1 as non-dominant handgrip strength asymmetry. Weakness was defined as a handgrip strength of <28 kg for males or <18 kg for females.
METHODS: Cognitive function with its two core dimensions (episodic memory and mental status) at each wave was assessed and standardized.
RESULTS: 9333 participants (48.3 % female, age 58.2 ± 9.0 years) were included. Non-dominant but not dominant handgrip strength asymmetry was significantly associated with poorer cognitive function at baseline (β = -0.121, -0.092, and -0.132 for mental status, episodic memory, and global cognition, respectively). In longitudinal analyses over 2 years, dominant handgrip strength asymmetry significantly slowed cognitive decline (β = -0.078 and -0.069 for mental status and global cognition, respectively), and non-dominant handgrip strength asymmetry accelerated cognitive decline (β = 0.053 and 0.043 for episodic memory and global cognition, respectively). Weakness was associated with poorer cognitive function at baseline and cognitive decline over 2, 4, and 7 years (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: In middle-aged and older adults, non-dominant handgrip strength asymmetry and weakness were associated with poorer cognitive function and predicted accelerated cognitive decline. Dominant handgrip strength asymmetry may be beneficial for maintaining cognitive function.