PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The left and right anterior temporal lobes (ATLs) encode semantic representations. They show graded hemispheric specialization in function, with the left ATL contributing preferentially to verbal semantic processing. We investigated the cognitive correlates of this organization, using resting-state functional connectivity as a measure of functional segregation between ATLs. We analyzed two independent resting-state fMRI datasets (n = 86 and n = 642) in which participants\' verbal semantic expertise was measured using vocabulary tests. In both datasets, people with more advanced verbal semantic knowledge showed weaker functional connectivity between left and right ventral ATLs. This effect was highly specific. It was not observed for within-hemisphere connections between semantic regions (ventral ATL and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), though it was found for left-right IFG connectivity in one dataset). Effects were not found for tasks probing semantic control, nonsemantic cognition, or face recognition. Our results suggest that hemispheric specialization in the ATLs is not an innate property but rather emerges as people develop highly detailed verbal semantic representations. We speculate that this effect is a consequence of the left ATL\'s greater connectivity with left-lateralized written word recognition regions, which causes it to preferentially represent meaning for advanced vocabulary acquired primarily through reading.
摘要：
左颞叶和右颞叶(ATL)编码语义表示。它们在功能上显示出半球的分级专业化，左ATL优先为言语语义处理做出贡献。我们调查了这个组织的认知相关性，使用静息状态功能连通性作为ATL之间功能隔离的度量。我们分析了两个独立的静息状态fMRI数据集（n=86和n=642），其中参与者的言语语义专长使用词汇测试进行测量。在这两个数据集中，具有更高级的言语语义知识的人在左右腹侧ATL之间显示出较弱的功能连通性。这种效果是高度特异性的。未观察到语义区域（腹侧ATL和下额回（IFG）之间的半球内连接，尽管在一个数据集中发现了左右IFG连接)。未找到探测语义控制的任务的效果，非语义认知，或面部识别。我们的结果表明，ATL中的半球专业化不是先天属性，而是随着人们发展出高度详细的口头语义表示而出现的。我们推测，这种影响是由于左ATL与左侧化的书面单词识别区域具有更大的连通性，这导致它优先代表主要通过阅读获得的高级词汇的含义。
