目的:香料通过改变感官体验来增强尼古丁电子烟的吸引力。雌性可能对烟草相关的线索更敏感,并且受到风味的独特影响。当前的研究是一项探索性分析,以检查性别在奖励上的差异,上诉,和流行的电子烟口味的感官体验。
方法:使用香烟(≥1支香烟/天)的成年人(N=121)参加了一项实验室研究,其中他们吸了四种电子烟口味(烟草,樱桃,薄荷醇,香草;在单独的实验室会议中)在两种游离碱尼古丁浓度(6毫克/毫升,18mg/ml)。暴露后,参与者使用药物效应问卷(DEQ)对电子烟奖励进行评级,使用标签享乐量表(LHS)的风味和整体电子烟吸引力,和味道的强度,刺激,凉爽,果味,和甜度,使用广义标签量表(gLMS)。线性混合模型用于结果分析性别的影响,风味,和性别x风味相互作用。
结果:对于DEQ评级,存在性别x风味相互作用的趋势(p=.08),薄荷醇风味比其他风味对女性产生更多的回报,但不是男性。对于LHS评级,对于女性的整体电子烟体验,存在显着的性别x风味相互作用(p=.03),但男性对薄荷醇的评级高于其他口味。所有gLMS量表,但刺激性表明,与男性相比,女性的口味差异更大(ps≤0.03)。
结论:电子烟中的薄荷醇可能在调解女性的吸引力和/或奖励中起重要作用。这可能部分是由于它们能够更好地检测电子烟的感官效果。
OBJECTIVE: Flavors enhance nicotine e-cigarette appeal by altering sensory experience.
Females may be more sensitive to tobacco-associated cues and uniquely affected by flavor. The current study is an exploratory analysis to examine differences by sex on reward, appeal, and sensory experience of popular e-cigarette flavors.
METHODS: Adults (N = 121) who use cigarettes (≥1 cigarette/day) were enrolled in a laboratory study in which they vaped four e-cigarette flavors (tobacco, cherry, menthol, vanilla; in separate lab sessions) in one of two freebase nicotine concentrations (6 mg/ml,18 mg/ml). Following exposures, participants rated e-cigarette reward using the Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ), flavor and overall e-cigarette appeal using Labeled Hedonic Scales (LHS), and intensity of flavor, irritation, coolness, fruitiness, and sweetness using Generalized Labeled Magnitude Scales (gLMS). Linear mixed models were conducted for outcomes to analyze effects of sex, flavor, and sex x flavor interaction.
RESULTS: For DEQ ratings, there was a trend (p = .08) toward a sex x flavor interaction, in which menthol flavor produced more reward than other flavors for
females, but not males. For LHS ratings, there was a significant sex x flavor interaction (p = .03) for overall e-cigarette experience with
females but not males rating menthol higher than other flavors. All gLMS scales but irritation showed that
females generally had greater differences between flavors compared to males (ps ≤ 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS: Menthol in e-cigarettes may play an important role in mediating appeal and/or reward among
females. This may be due in part to their ability to better detect sensory effects of e-cigarettes.