背景:Omnivores,包括人类,天生倾向于避免危险或无营养的食物。然而,人们对动物如何从危险物质中感知和区分营养食品知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们探索了Ostriniafurnacalis幼虫的取食选择机制,对玉米作物最具破坏性的害虫之一。
结果:我们确定了味觉受体,Gr43a用于火种Ostrinia幼虫的摄食调节,在第1龄(刚从卵孵化出来的时期)和第5龄幼虫(暴食期)的口器中高度表达。Gr43a通过区分山梨糖醇-一种非甜味的营养物质和三氯蔗糖-一种甜味的非营养物质,通过口器的唇瓣来调节觅食可塑性,虽然它通过口器的sensllastyloconica区分果糖/蔗糖和三氯蔗糖。特别是,Gr43a通过O.furacalis的内侧和外侧感觉对果糖和蔗糖做出反应,分别。此外,Gr43a受神经肽F(NPF)系统的负调控,同源哺乳动物NPY神经肽系统。
结论:这项研究揭示了动物的智能喂养策略,以满足营养需求和甜味满足。并提供了对依赖于周围环境中食物资源的复杂喂养选择的见解。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
BACKGROUND: Omnivores, including humans, have an inborn tendency to avoid risky or non-nutritious foods. However, relatively little is known about how animals perceive and discriminate nutritious foods from risky substances. In this study, we explored the mechanism of feeding selection in Ostrinia furnacalis larvae, one of the most destructive pests to the maize crop.
RESULTS: We identified a gustatory receptor, Gr43a, for feeding regulation in larvae of Ostrinia furnacalis, which highly expresses in the mouthparts of the first- (the period of just hatching out from eggs) and fifth-instar larvae (the period of gluttony). The Gr43a regulates foraging plasticity by discriminating sorbitol, a nonsweet nutritious substance, and sucralose, a sweet non-nutritious substance through the labra of mouthparts, while it differentiates fructose/sucrose and sucralose via the sensilla styloconica of mouthparts. Specially, Gr43a responds to fructose and sucrose via the medial and lateral sensilla styloconica in O. furnacalis, respectively. Furthermore, Gr43a is negatively regulated by the neuropeptide F system, a homologous mammalian neuropeptide Y system.
CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals a smart feeding strategy for animals to meet both nutritional needs and sweet gratification, and offers an insight into complex feeding selections dependent on food resources in the surrounding environment. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.