Aiming at the problems of high stochasticity and volatility of power loads as well as the difficulty of accurate load forecasting, this paper proposes a power load forecasting method based on CEEMDAN (Completely Integrated Empirical Modal Decomposition) and TCN-LSTM (Temporal Convolutional Networks and Long-Short-Term Memory Networks). The method combines the decomposition of raw load data by CEEMDAN and the spatio-temporal modeling capability of TCN-LSTM model, aiming to improve the accuracy and stability of forecasting. First, the raw load data are decomposed into multiple linearly stable subsequences by CEEMDAN, and then the sample entropy is introduced to reorganize each subsequence. Then the reorganized sequences are used as inputs to the TCN-LSTM model to extract sequence features and perform training and prediction. The modeling prediction is carried out by selecting the electricity compliance data of New South Wales, Australia, and compared with the traditional prediction methods. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has higher accuracy and better prediction effect on load forecasting, which can provide a partial reference for electricity load forecasting methods.

The effects of the non-thermal (pulsed electric field, PEF) and thermal pretreatment (vacuum steam pulsed blanching, VSPB) on the drying kinetics, quality attributes, and multi-dimensional microstructure of lily scales were investigated. The results indicate that both PEF and VSPB pretreatments improved the drying rate compared to untreated lily scales. Specifically, PEF pretreatment reduced the drying time by 29.58 % - 43.60 %, while VSPB achieved a 46.91 % reduction in drying time. PEF treatment facilitated the enhanced leaching of phenols and flavonoids compared to VSPB treated samples, thereby increasing antioxidant activity. The rehydration ratio of the dried lilies was improved with PEF and VSPB treatment, which closely related to the microstructure. Weibull distribution and Page model demonstrated excellent fit for the drying and rehydration kinetics of lily scales, respectively (R2 > 0.993). The analysis of multi-dimensional microstructure and ultrastructure confirmed the variations in moisture migration and phytochemical contents among different treatments. Consequently, this study offers insights into the technological support for the potential of non-thermal pretreatment in fruits and vegetables.

This article represents a novel study of the design and analysis of a wind turbine system that includes a line-side permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) with an ultra-step-up DC-DC converter for voltage regulation. Integrating renewable energy sources such as wind power into the grid requires efficient and reliable power conversion systems to handle fluctuating power and ensure a stable power supply. The wind turbine system utilizes a PMSG, which offers several advantages over traditional induction generators, including higher efficiency, reduced maintenance, and better power quality. The line-side configuration allows for increased control and flexibility, allowing the system to respond dynamically to grid conditions. This wind turbine system involves the integration of a grid-side PMSG-fed DC-DC converter between the PMSG and the grid. The converter enables a seamless flow of electricity between the wind turbine and the grid. By actively controlling the intermediate circuit voltage, the converter efficiently regulates the output voltage of the wind turbine and thus enables constant power generation regardless of fluctuating wind speeds. The simulation outcomes illustrate the efficacy of the proposed system in achieving voltage regulation and seamless integration with the grid. Performance is evaluated under various operating conditions and compared to conventional wind turbines.

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have the potential to directly convert the chemical energy in organic matter into electrical energy, making them a promising technology for achieving sustainable energy production alongside wastewater treatment. However, the low extracellular electron transfer (EET) rates and limited bacteria loading capacity of MFCs anode materials present challenges in achieving high power output. In this study, three-dimensionally heteroatom-doped carbonized grape (CG) monoliths with a macroporous structure were successfully fabricated using a facile and low-cost route and employed as independent anodes in MFCs for treating brewery wastewater. The CG obtained at 900 °C (CG-900) exhibited excellent biocompatibility. When integrated into MFCs, these units initiated electricity generation a mere 1.8 days after inoculation and swiftly reached a peak output voltage of 658 mV, demonstrating an exceptional areal power density of 3.71 W m-2. The porous structure of the CG-900 anode facilitated efficient ion transport and microbial community succession, ensuring sustained operational excellence. Remarkably, even when nutrition was interrupted for 30 days, the voltage swiftly returned to its original level. Moreover, the CG-900 anode exhibited a superior capacity for accommodating electricigens, boasting a notably higher abundance of Geobacter spp. (87.1%) compared to carbon cloth (CC, 63.0%). Most notably, when treating brewery wastewater, the CG-900 anode achieved a maximum power density of 3.52 W m-2, accompanied by remarkable treatment efficiency, with a COD removal rate of 85.5%. This study provides a facile and low-cost synthesis technique for fabricating high-performance MFC anodes for use in microbial energy harvesting.

This retrospective begins with Galvani\'s experiments on frogs at the end of the 18th century and his discovery of \'animal electricity\'. It goes on to illustrate the numerous contributions to the field of physical chemistry in the second half of the 19th century (Nernst\'s equilibrium potential, based on the work of Wilhelm Ostwald, Max Planck\'s ion electrodiffusion, Einstein\'s studies of Brownian motion) which led Bernstein to propose his membrane theory in the early 1900s as an explanation of Galvani\'s findings and cell excitability. These processes were fully elucidated by Hodgkin and Huxley in 1952 who detailed the ionic basis of resting and action potentials, but without addressing the question of where these ions passed. The emerging question of the existence of ion channels, widely debated over the next two decades, was finally accepted and, a decade later, many of them began to be cloned. This led to the possibility of modelling the activity of individual neurons in the brain and then that of simple circuits. Taking advantage of the remarkable advances in computer science in the new millennium, together with a much deeper understanding of brain architecture, more ambitious scientific goals were dreamed of to understand the brain and how it works. The retrospective concludes by reviewing the main efforts in this direction, namely the construction of a digital brain, an in silico copy of the brain that would run on supercomputers and behave just like a real brain.

In recent years, the use of solar photovoltaic (PV) energy, which is one of the leading renewable energy sources, has become increasingly widespread around the world due to its numerous advantages. However, PV-based electricity generation necessitates a large amount of land. Agrivoltaic (AV) systems, an innovative approach to combining agricultural and electricity production in the same area through solar modules positioned several meters above the surface of the ground, are growing rapidly in renewable energy and farming communities. This study explores Turkey\'s solar power generation and agricultural activities, combining crop cultivation and electricity generation for sustainable development on the same land. Furthermore, the AV potential for the most agriculture ten cities in different climate zones in Turkey is investigated using the PVsyst program. A list of the most commonly grown crops in the ten selected cities and the types of AV systems that can be employed with these crops is provided. The results show that AV systems present a great opportunity for the optimal integration of solar power generation with food production, especially for the cities of Konya, Kayseri, and Manisa, with the most ideal conditions for agricultural and solar power production. By combining the solar power potential of the country with the production capacity of arable lands, the increasing energy needs can be met and more efficient agricultural production can be provided. This study is expected to demonstrate that in specific regions of Turkey, AV farming will be suitable for certain crops.

The demand for renewable energy-based Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure is increasing in recent years. Solar PV based EV charging method is preferred as it has simple energy harvesting technique. The PV system is an uncertain power source, where the power generation is varied with respect to the availability of sunlight. So, that the charging station requires a backup power supply for the uninterrupted charging. For the integrated power sources, the charging station requires a simple and efficient conversion unit for the DC/AC/DC conversion. In this work, a modified Z-source inverter (MZSI) is developed for the multiport EV charger using PV and grid. The proposed MZSI is connected between the input and output sides to boost the voltage as per the demand at the battery side. In order to connect many battery units with the charger, the capacitors used in the MZSI are split as per the required number of charging ports. This developed converter topology operates the systems in four different modes like PV-Grid, PV-battery, grid-battery, and battery-grid. The performance of this proposed work has been validated in MATLAB/Simulink® and in the experimental setup. The experimental setup has been developed with two charging ports for obtaining 250W at each charger end which cumulatively produces 500W output across both chargers with an efficiency of 90.18%.

BACKGROUND: Electroporation is a technique that creates electrically generated pores in the cell membrane by modifying transmembrane potential. In this work, the finite element method (FEM) was used to examine the induced transmembrane voltage (ITV) of a spherical-shaped MCF-7 cell, allowing researchers to determine the stationary ITV. A greater ITV than the critical value causes permeabilization of the membrane. Furthermore, the present study shows how a specific surface conductivity can act as a stand-in for the thin layer that constitutes a cell membrane as the barrier between extracellular and intracellular environments. Additionally, the distribution of ITV on the cell membrane and its maximum value were experimentally evaluated for a range of applied electric fields. Consequently, the entire cell surface area was electroporated 66% and 68% for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and FEM, respectively, when the external electric field of 1500 V/cm was applied to the cell suspension using the previously indicated numerical methods. Furthermore, the lipid bilayers\' molecular structure was changed, which led to the development of hydrophilic holes with a radius of 1.33 nm. Applying MD and FEM yielded threshold values for transmembrane voltage of 700 and 739 mV, respectively.
METHODS: Using MD simulations of palmitoyloleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC), pores in cell membranes exposed to external electric fields were numerically investigated. The dependence on the electric field was estimated and developed, and the amount of the electroporated cell surface area matches the applied external electric field. To investigate more, a mathematical model based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is employed to predict the percent cell viability of cancerous cells after applying four pulses during electroporation. For MD simulations, ArgusLab, VMD, and GROMACS software packages were used. Moreover, for FEM analysis, COMSOL software package was used. Also, it is worth mentioning that for mathematical model, MATLAB software is used.

Companies are increasingly relying on emission reductions attributable to their adoption of renewable electricity to achieve net-zero emission targets. However, there is a risk of double counting of emission reductions threatening the credibility of corporate climate actions due to defective accounting rules of GHG emissions related to electricity consumption and the overlap between different market-based instruments, including carbon credit markets, renewable power purchase agreements, and renewable energy certificates. Using data of 63 major Chinese companies in seven sectors, we quantitatively assess the risks of double counting related to corporate sourcing of renewables and their consequent influences on the alignment of corporate emission trajectories with the 1.5 °C goal of the Paris Agreement. Results show that 7.1% of the electricity consumed by sample companies in 2021 was from renewable energy procurement and deployment, with which they reported 8.27 Mt of CO2e emission reductions compared to the scenario with no renewable electricity consumption. However, emission reductions that could be double counted are predicted to be 0.9-1.3 times as many as emission reductions that companies will report during 2021-2030. After adjustment of the reported emissions that might be underestimated due to double counting, the overall emission trajectories of sample companies are no longer aligned with the 1.5 °C goal. Our findings suggest that it is urgently needed to improve the corporate carbon accounting rules and increase the transparency of corporate carbon disclosures.

In this study, highly selenite-resistant strains belonging to Brevundimonas diminuta (OK287021, OK287022) genus were isolated from previously operated single chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC). The central composite design showed that the B. diminuta consortium could reduce selenite. Under optimum conditions, 15.38 Log CFU mL-1 microbial growth, 99.08% Se(IV) reduction, and 89.94% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were observed. Moreover, the UV-visible spectroscopy (UV) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses confirmed the synthesis of elemental selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the formation of SeNPs nano-spheres. Besides, the bioelectrochemical performance of B. diminuta in the SCMFC illustrated that the maximum power density was higher in the case of selenite SCMFCs than those of the sterile control SCMFCs. Additionally, the bioelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry characterization illustrated the production of definite extracellular redox mediators that might be involved in the electron transfer progression during the reduction of selenite. In conclusion, B. diminuta whose electrochemical activity has never previously been reported could be a suitable and robust biocatalyst for selenite bioreduction along with wastewater treatment, bioelectricity generation, and economical synthesis of SeNPs in MFCs.