经前综合症(PMS)是一种介于妇科和精神病学之间的疾病,包括认知,情感,躯体症状从轻度到重度.PMS的最严重形式是经前焦虑障碍(PMDD),它被认为是抑郁症的一种形式。已经提出了饮食组成与PMS的发生及其严重程度之间的关联。因此,这篇手稿讨论了饮食组成之间的关系,饮食模式和饮食行为,和PMS。PubMed,Embase,科克伦,搜索了截至2024年1月18日的相关研究。进行了单独或组合使用以下关键字的文本搜索:“经前综合症”,“营养”,“饮食组成”,“饮食模式”,和“饮食行为”。迄今为止发表的研究表明,简单碳水化合物的低摄入量,脂肪,盐,酒精,和高的新鲜,富含B族维生素的未加工食品,维生素D,锌,钙,和omega-3脂肪酸可能有助于预防PMS的发作并减轻其症状的严重程度。然而,需要进一步的研究来制定使用维生素的明确建议,在PMS女性中补充微量营养素和其他饮食成分以改善功能,整体福祉,和身体健康。大,随机化,针对不同人群的双盲临床试验对于为PMS女性患者制定明确的补充剂建议是必要的.
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a disorder between gynecology and psychiatry which includes cognitive, affective, and somatic symptoms from mild to severe. The most severe form of PMS is premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and it is considered a form of depressive disorder. An association between diet composition and the occurrence of PMS and its severity have been suggested. As such, this manuscript discusses the relationships between diet composition, dietary patterns and eating behaviors, and PMS. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were searched for related studies up to 18 January 2024. A text search with the following keywords singly or in combination was conducted: \"Premenstrual syndrome\", \"Nutrition\", \"Diet composition\", \"Dietary patterns\", and \"Eating behaviors\". Studies published so far showed that low intake of simple carbohydrates, fats, salt, and alcohol, and high of fresh, unprocessed foods rich in B vitamins, vitamin D, zinc, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids may help prevent the onset of PMS and reduce the severity of its symptoms. However, further studies are needed to formulate definitive recommendations for the use of vitamins, micronutrients and other dietary ingredients supplementation in women with PMS to improve functioning, overall well-being, and physical health. Large, randomized, double-blind clinical trials across diverse populations are necessary to formulate clear recommendations for supplementation in women with PMS.