APETALA2/乙烯响应因子(AP2/ERF)是植物界特有的调节因子,参与整个生命活动过程,成熟,以及生物和非生物胁迫。在番茄(Solanumlycopersicum)中,有140个AP2/ERF基因;然而,它们的功能仍然知之甚少。在这项工作中,AP2结构域的第14和第19个氨基酸差异用于区分DREB和ERF亚家族成员。即使比较了来自20种植物的68种ERF蛋白的AP2结构域和番茄DREB和ERF蛋白中的基序,DREB和ERF蛋白与DRE/CRT和/或GCC盒的结合能力仍然未知.在果实发育和成熟过程中,13个DREB和19个ERF亚家族基因的表达呈现一定的规律性变化,大多数基因的启动子都有ARF,DRE/CRT,和/或GCC盒。这表明这些基因在果实发育和成熟期间直接或间接地响应IAA和/或乙烯(ET)信号。此外,其中一些可能反馈调节IAA或ET的生物合成。此外,番茄中16个含EAR基序的ERF基因在许多器官中表达,并且它们的每百万总转录本(TPM)值超过了大多数器官中其他ERF基因的值。为了确定含EAR基序的ERF蛋白中的EAR基序是否具有抑制功能,在酵母单杂交(YIH)试验中保留或删除它们的EAR基序。结果表明,大多数含EAR基序的ERF蛋白在删除EAR基序后失去了抑制活性。此外,其中一些是在成熟过程中表达的。因此,这些含有EAR基序的ERF蛋白通过完成靶基因的DRE/CRT和/或GCC盒位点,在平衡其他ERF蛋白的调节功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用,以确保番茄的正常生长发育。
APETALA2/ethylene responsive factors (AP2/ERF) are unique regulators in the plant kingdom and are involved in the whole life activity processes such as development, ripening, and biotic and abiotic stresses. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), there are 140 AP2/ERF genes; however, their functionality remains poorly understood. In this work, the 14th and 19th amino acid differences in the AP2 domain were used to distinguish DREB and ERF subfamily members. Even when the AP2 domain of 68 ERF proteins from 20 plant species and motifs in tomato DREB and ERF proteins were compared, the binding ability of DREB and ERF proteins with DRE/CRT and/or GCC boxes remained unknown. During fruit development and ripening, the expressions of 13 DREB and 19 ERF subfamily genes showed some regular changes, and the promoters of most genes had ARF, DRE/CRT, and/or GCC boxes. This suggests that these genes directly or indirectly respond to IAA and/or ethylene (ET) signals during fruit development and ripening. Moreover, some of these may feedback regulate IAA or ET biosynthesis. In addition, 16 EAR motif-containing ERF genes in tomato were expressed in many organs and their total transcripts per million (TPM) values exceeded those of other ERF genes in most organs. To determine whether the EAR motif in EAR motif-containing ERF proteins has repression function, their EAR motifs were retained or deleted in a yeast one-hybrid (YIH) assay. The results indicate that most of EAR motif-containing ERF proteins lost repression activity after deleting the EAR motif. Moreover, some of these were expressed during ripening. Thus, these EAR motif-containing ERF proteins play vital roles in balancing the regulatory functions of other ERF proteins by completing the DRE/CRT and/or GCC box sites of target genes to ensure normal growth and development in tomato.