背景:对于儿童和青少年,故意自我伤害(DSH)正在成为一个令人关注的心理健康问题。尽管有一些关于DSH在世界范围内的患病率和影响因素的研究,在中国儿童和青少年中,关于DSH的信息很少。这项研究探讨了患病率,类型,中国儿科精神病住院患者DSH的相关危险因素和趋势。
目的:了解住院儿童青少年DSH发生情况及其相关因素。
方法:在本研究中,回顾性研究厦门市精神卫生中心2014-2019年1414例精神病住院儿童青少年,提取所有患者的人口学和临床资料,并分析DSH的临床危险因素。
结果:在我们的研究中,共有239名(16.90%)患者从事至少一种类型的DSH。切割(n=115,48.12%)是最常见的DSH类型。女性(n=171,71.55%)比男性(n=68,28.45%)更有可能从事DSH。DSH与抑郁障碍呈正相关[OR=3.845(2.196~6.732);P<0.01],女性[OR=2.536(1.815-3.542);P<0.01],父母婚姻状况[OR=5.387(2.254-12.875);P<0.01]和精神病家族史[OR=7.767(2.952-20.433);P<0.01],但不是职业,物质使用和身体虐待史。
结论:我们的研究结果表明,对于抑郁症患者,女性,父母的不正常婚姻,也没有精神病史,应注意DSH的发生。
BACKGROUND: For children and adolescents, deliberate self-harm (DSH) is becoming a mental health problem of concern. Despite several studies on the prevalence and factors of DSH in the world, there is little information on DSH among children and adolescents in China. This study explores the prevalence, types, associated risk factors and tendency of DSH in pediatric psychiatric inpatients in China.
OBJECTIVE: To understand the situation of DSH among hospitalized children and adolescents and its related factors.
METHODS: In this study, we retrospectively studied 1414 hospitalized children and adolescents with mental illness at Xiamen Mental Health Center from 2014 to 2019, extracted the demographic and clinical data of all patients, and analyzed clinical risk factors of DSH.
RESULTS: A total of 239 (16.90%) patients engaged in at least one type of DSH in our study. Cutting (n = 115, 48.12%) was the most common type of DSH. Females (n = 171, 71.55%) were more likely to engage in DSH than males (n = 68, 28.45%). DSH was positively associated with depressive disorders [OR = 3.845 (2.196-6.732); P < 0.01], female [OR = 2.536 (1.815-3.542); P < 0.01], parental marital status [OR = 5.387 (2.254-12.875); P < 0.01] and negative family history of psychiatric illness [OR = 7.767 (2.952-20.433); P < 0.01], but not with occupation, substance use and history of physical abuse.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that for patients with depression, females, an abnormal marriage of parents, and no history of mental illness, attention should be paid to the occurrence of DSH.