家尘螨(HDMs)的消化生理学与它们的致敏性特别相关,因为它们的许多过敏原参与消化并排泄到粪便颗粒中。过敏受试者的主要暴露源。为了深入了解螨的饮食消化,HDM的基因组中筛选了编码肽酶的基因(n=320),糖基化酶(n=77),脂肪酶和酯酶(n=320),肽酶抑制剂(n=65)和过敏原相关蛋白(n=52)。螨对饮食中胱抑素A的基础基因表达和转录反应,一种半胱氨酸内肽酶抑制剂,以前对螨虫具有抗营养作用,通过RNAseq进行分析。胱抑素A的摄入导致不同半胱氨酸内肽酶和糖基化酶基因的显着调节。诱导1个Derp1样和2个组织蛋白酶B样半胱氨酸内肽酶基因高表达,这表明它们在蛋白水解消化中的重要作用以及主要的过敏原Derp1。抑制了许多推定参与螨虫与其微生物群相互作用并通过水平基因转移获得的基因,包括编码肽酶Derp38的基因,两种1,3-β-葡聚糖酶,溶菌酶和GH19几丁质酶。最后,螨消化的破坏导致多达17种过敏原和同种过敏原基因的调节。总之,我们的结果揭示了特定基因在消化中的推定作用,并说明了HDM的消化生理学与过敏之间的联系。
The digestive physiology of house dust mites (HDMs) is particularly relevant for their allergenicity since many of their allergens participate in digestion and are excreted into faecal pellets, a main source of exposure for allergic subjects. To gain insight into the mite dietary digestion, the genome of the HDM Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was screened for genes encoding peptidases (n = 320), glycosylases (n = 77), lipases and esterases (n = 320), peptidase inhibitors (n = 65) and allergen-related proteins (n = 52). Basal gene expression and transcriptional responses of mites to dietary cystatin A, a cysteine endopeptidase inhibitor with previously shown antinutritional effect on mites, were analysed by RNAseq. The ingestion of cystatin A resulted in significant regulation of different cysteine endopeptidase and glycosylase genes. One Der p 1-like and two cathepsin B-like cysteine endopeptidase genes of high basal expression were induced, which suggests their prominent role in proteolytic digestion together with major allergen Der p 1. A number of genes putatively participating in the interaction of mites with their microbiota and acquired by horizontal gene transfer were repressed, including genes encoding the peptidase Der p 38, two 1,3-beta-glucanases, a lysozyme and a GH19 chitinase. Finally, the disruption of mite digestion resulted in the regulation of up to 17 allergen and isoallergen genes. Altogether, our results shed light on the putative role of specific genes in digestion and illustrate the connection between the digestive physiology of HDM and allergy.