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Abstract：
Cysteine cathepsins F and W are members of the papain-like cysteine protease family, which have distinct structural features and functional roles in various physiological and pathological processes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the structure, biological functions, and pathological implications of cathepsins F and W. Beginning with an introduction to these proteases, we delve into their structural characteristics and elucidate their unique features that dictate their enzymatic activities and substrate specificity. We also explore the intricate involvement of cathepsins F and W in malignancies, highlighting their role as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer progression. Furthermore, we discuss the emerging roles of these enzymes in immune response modulation and neurological disorders, shedding light on their implications in autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we review the landscape of inhibitors targeting these proteases, highlighting their therapeutic potential and challenges in clinical translation. This review brings together the diverse facets of cysteine cathepsins F and W, providing insights into their roles in health and disease and guiding future investigations for therapeutic advances.
摘要：
半胱氨酸组织蛋白酶F和W是木瓜蛋白酶样半胱氨酸蛋白酶家族的成员，在各种生理和病理过程中具有独特的结构特征和功能作用。这篇综述全面概述了目前对该结构的理解，生物学功能,以及组织蛋白酶F和W的病理学意义。从这些蛋白酶的介绍开始，我们深入研究了它们的结构特征，并阐明了它们独特的特征，这些特征决定了它们的酶活性和底物特异性。我们还探讨了组织蛋白酶F和W在恶性肿瘤中的复杂参与，强调它们在癌症进展中作为潜在生物标志物和治疗靶点的作用。此外，我们讨论了这些酶在免疫反应调节和神经系统疾病中的新作用，阐明它们在自身免疫和神经退行性疾病中的意义。最后,我们回顾了针对这些蛋白酶的抑制剂的前景，强调他们在临床翻译中的治疗潜力和挑战。这篇综述汇集了半胱氨酸组织蛋白酶F和W的不同方面，提供他们在健康和疾病中的作用的见解，并指导未来的研究治疗进展。
