在发情期,雄性双峰驼(CamelusBactrianus)的腺体略微升高,渗出大量淡黄色的水性分泌物,具有特征性气味,可能含有硫化氢(H2S)。然而,H2S是否可以在雄性双峰驼的腺体中合成及其在诱导骆驼发情中的作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在使用数据独立采集(DIA)蛋白质组学方法鉴定雄性双峰驼腺体组织中的差异表达蛋白(DEP)和信号通路。此外,进行气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)以鉴定雄性双峰驼发情期间含有分泌物的颈部毛发中差异表达的代谢物(DEM),目的探讨骆驼发情期poll腺体的具体表达模式和机制。结果表明,在一定条件下,胱抑素-γ-裂解酶(CTH)和胱抑素-β-合成酶(CBS),这与发情期骆驼腺体中H2S的合成密切相关,主要富含甘氨酸,丝氨酸,苏氨酸代谢,氨基酸生物合成,和代谢途径。此外,这两种酶在发情期骆驼腺体组织腺泡细胞中广泛分布和高表达。同时,颈部毛发分泌物中含有高水平的氨基酸,尤其是甘氨酸,丝氨酸,苏氨酸,和胱硫醚,它们是H2S生物合成的前体。这些结果表明,雄性双峰骆驼的头腺体在发情期可以合成和分泌H2S。本研究为探索H2S在双峰驼发情过程中的功能和作用机制提供了依据。
During estrus, the poll glands of male Bactrian Camels (Camelus Bactrianus) become slightly raised, exuding a large amount of pale yellow watery secretion with a characteristic odor that may contain hydrogen sulfide (H2S). However, whether H2S can be synthesized in the poll glands of male Bactrian Camels and its role in inducing camel estrus remains unclear. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and signaling pathways in the poll gland tissues of male Bactrian Camels using data independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics. Additionally, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed to identify differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) in the neck hair containing secretions during estrus in male Bactrian Camels, to explore the specific expression patterns and mechanisms in the poll glands of camels during estrus. The results showed that cystathionine-γ-lyase (CTH) and cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), which are closely related to H2S synthesis in camel poll glands during estrus, were mainly enriched in glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and metabolic pathways. In addition, both enzymes were widely distributed and highly expressed in the acinar cells of poll gland tissues in camels during estrus. Meanwhile, the neck hair secretion contains high levels of amino acids, especially glycine, serine, threonine, and cystathionine, which are precursors for H2S biosynthesis. These results demonstrate that the poll glands of male Bactrian Camels can synthesize and secrete H2S during estrus. This study provides a basis for exploring the function and mechanism of H2S in the estrus of Bactrian Camels.