气候变化是主要挑战之一,这对全球农业行业构成了严峻的挑战。此外,温室气体(GHG)排放是气候变化的主要原因;然而,农田是温室气体排放的主要来源。然而,这一复杂的挑战可以通过气候智能型农业实践来缓解。保护性耕作通常通过减少温室气体排放来保护土壤并减轻环境变化。尽管如此,关于保护性耕作对小麦产量的影响的信息仍然很少,土壤性质,和温室气体通量,特别是在半干旱的定西带。因此,为了填补这个空白,不同的耕作系统,即常规耕作(CT)控制,秸秆与常规耕作(CTS),免耕(NT),免耕留茬(NTS),躺在定西,中国甘肃省,在随机完整的区组设计下,重复三次,以检查它们对产量的影响,土壤性质,和温室气体通量。结果表明,不同的保守耕作系统(CTS,NTS,和NT)显着(p<0.05)增加了株高,每株植物的穗数,每平方米种子数,根系产量,地上生物量产量,千粒重,粮食产量,与CT相比,干物质产量。此外,这些保护性耕作系统显著改善了土壤特性(土壤重量含水量,充满水的孔隙空间,储水,孔隙度,骨料,饱和导水率,有机碳,轻组分有机碳,碳储存,微生物生物质碳,总氮,可用氮气储存,微生物生物量氮,总磷,可用磷,总钾,有效钾,微生物计数,脲酶,碱性磷酸酶,转化酶,纤维素酶,和过氧化氢酶),同时降低CT上的土壤温度和容重。然而,CTS,NTS,NT对ECe无显著影响,pH值,和化学计量特性(C:N比,C:P比率,和N:P比率)。此外,保护性耕作制度NTS,NT,和CTS显着(p<0.05)降低了温室气体(二氧化碳,甲烷,和一氧化二氮)分别为23.44、19.57和16.54%,分别,温室气体强度分别下降23.20%,29.96%和18.72%,分别,超过CT。我们得出结论,NTS是提高产量的最佳方法,水土保持,弹性,和缓解农业生态系统能力。
Climate change is one of the main challenges, and it poses a tough challenge to the agriculture industry globally. Additionally, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are the main contributor to climate change; however, croplands are a prominent source of GHG emissions. Yet this complex challenge can be mitigated through climate-smart agricultural practices. Conservation tillage is commonly known to preserve soil and mitigate environmental change by reducing GHG emissions. Nonetheless, there is still a paucity of information on the influences of conservation tillage on wheat yield, soil properties, and GHG flux, particularly in the semi-arid Dingxi belt. Hence, in order to fill this gap, different tillage systems, namely conventional tillage (CT) control, straw incorporation with conventional tillage (CTS), no-tillage (NT), and stubble return with no-tillage (NTS), were laid at Dingxi, Gansu province of China, under a randomized complete block design with three replications to examine their impacts on yield, soil properties, and GHG fluxes. Results depicted that different conservative tillage systems (CTS, NTS, and NT) significantly (p < 0.05) increased the plant height, number of spikes per plant, seed number per meter square, root yield, aboveground biomass yield, thousand-grain weight, grain yield, and dry matter yield compared with CT. Moreover, these conservation tillage systems notably improved the soil properties (soil gravimetric water content, water-filled pore space, water storage, porosity, aggregates, saturated hydraulic conductivity, organic carbon, light fraction organic carbon, carbon storage, microbial biomass carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen storage, microbial biomass nitrogen, total phosphorous, available phosphorous, total potassium, available potassium, microbial counts, urease, alkaline phosphatase, invertase, cellulase, and catalase) while decreasing the soil temperature and bulk density over CT. However, CTS, NTS, and NT had non-significant effects on ECe, pH, and stoichiometric properties (C:N ratio, C:P ratio, and N:P ratio). Additionally, conservation-based tillage regimes NTS, NT, and CTS significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the emission and net global warming potential of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) by 23.44, 19.57, and 16.54%, respectively, and decreased the greenhouse gas intensity by 23.20, 29.96, and 18.72%, respectively, over CT. We conclude that NTS is the best approach to increasing yield, soil and water conservation, resilience, and mitigation of agroecosystem capacity.