PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The traditional rain-fed agriculture system of Ethiopia is suffering from climate change impacts and extremes. It must be improved to feed the growing population and create a resilient society. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is currently promoted as an approach intended to increase sustainable agricultural productivity, enhance household resilience, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This study was, therefore, undertaken to examine how food security can be improved by the adoption of multiple climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices of smallholder farmers in a moist tropical montane ecosystem of Southwest Ethiopia. Data was collected from 384 purposively selected households through cross-sectional study design using a semi-structured questionnaire. Eight Focus group discussions and fifteen key informant interviews were also conducted to check the reliability of the survey data collected. In the study area, a total of eighteen CSA practices, adopted by farmers, were identified. Using principal component analysis, these practices were further grouped into five packages and a multinomial endogenous switching regression model was used to link these packages to the food security status. The findings revealed a great variation in the proportion of households using CSA practices where 92.3 % were using crop management practices whereas 11.2 % were using soil and water conservation practices. The study found that the maximum effect of CSA adoption on food security was by farmers who adopted all the five category CSA technologies. Households that adopted this package were more food secure by 41.2 % in terms of per capita annual food expenditure, 39.8% in terms of Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), and 12.1% in terms of Household Food Consumption Score (HFCS) than the non-adopters. The adoption of this group of practices was further influenced positively by farm size, gender, and productive farm asset values. Using CSA practices in combinations and to a relatively larger extent can potentially solve food security problems. Motivating farmers by providing income-generating activities and discouraging land fragmentation through public education is essential. This in turn improves CSA adoption and initiates production assets investment that can absorb climate change risks.
摘要：
埃塞俄比亚传统的雨水灌溉农业系统正在遭受气候变化的影响和极端情况。必须对其进行改进，以养活不断增长的人口并建立一个有弹性的社会。气候智能型农业（CSA）目前正在推广，作为一种旨在提高可持续农业生产力的方法。增强家庭复原力，减少温室气体排放。这项研究是,因此,致力于研究如何通过在埃塞俄比亚西南部潮湿的热带山地生态系统中采用小农的多种气候智能型农业（CSA）实践来改善粮食安全。通过使用半结构化问卷的横断面研究设计，从384个有目的地选择的家庭中收集数据。还进行了8次焦点小组讨论和15次关键线人访谈，以检查收集的调查数据的可靠性。在研究区,共有18项CSA实践，被农民收养，已确定。使用主成分分析，将这些实践进一步分为5个方案,并使用多项内生转换回归模型将这些方案与食品安全状况联系起来.研究结果表明，使用CSA做法的家庭比例差异很大，其中92.3％使用作物管理做法，而11.2％使用水土保持做法。研究发现，采用CSA对粮食安全的最大影响是采用所有五类CSA技术的农民。就人均年度粮食支出而言，采用这一一揽子计划的家庭的粮食安全提高了41.2％，家庭食品不安全获得量表(HFIAS)占39.8%，家庭食物消费评分(HFCS)比非采用者高12.1%。这一组做法的采用进一步受到农场规模的积极影响，性别,和生产性农场资产价值。结合使用CSA实践并在相对较大的程度上可以潜在地解决粮食安全问题。通过提供创收活动来激励农民，并通过公共教育来阻止土地分散，这一点至关重要。这反过来又改善了CSA的采用，并启动了可以吸收气候变化风险的生产资产投资。
