目的:评估老年人口门诊处方中的抗生素处方实践及其决定因素。
方法:以处方为基础,横断面研究。
方法:阿斯马拉的六个社区连锁药店,厄立特里亚。
方法:在阿斯马拉的六个社区连锁药房中,向老年人口(65岁及以上)分配所有门诊处方,厄立特里亚。
方法:回顾性收集数据,2023年6月16日至2023年7月16日。抗生素处方实践是使用2023年世界卫生组织(WHO)访问评估的。手表和储备(AWARE)分类系统。使用IBMSPSS(V.26.0)进行描述性统计和逻辑回归。P值小于0.05被认为是显著的。
结果:在发放给老年人的2680张门诊处方中,35.8%(95%CI:34.0,37.6)含有至少一种抗生素。此外,总共为老年人开了1061种抗生素。最常用的抗生素是环丙沙星(n=322,30.3%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(n=145,13.7%)。Access类别占抗生素的大多数(53.7%),Watch类别占32.1%。处方资格(调整后的赔率比(AOR)=0.60,95%CI:0.44,0.81)和多重用药(AOR=2.32,95%CI:1.26,4.27)是老年人群抗生素处方的重要决定因素。此外,性别(AOR=0.74,95%CI:0.56,0.98),处方者资格(AOR=0.49,95%CI:0.30~0.81)和医疗机构水平(AOR0.52,95%CI0.34~0.81)是Watch抗生素处方的重要决定因素.
结论:相当数量的老年人口服用抗生素,其中一半以上属于Access类别。政策制定者需要进一步努力,以促进Access抗生素的使用,同时减少Watch抗生素的使用,以减轻与抗生素耐药性相关的风险。
OBJECTIVE: To assess antibiotic prescribing practice and its determinants among outpatient prescriptions dispensed to the elderly population.
METHODS: A prescription-based, cross-sectional study.
METHODS: Six community chain pharmacies in Asmara, Eritrea.
METHODS: All outpatient prescriptions dispensed to the elderly population (aged 65 and above) in the six community chain pharmacies in Asmara, Eritrea.
METHODS: Data were collected retrospectively, between 16 June 2023 and 16 July 2023. Antibiotic prescribing practice was assessed using the 2023 World Health Organization (WHO) Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) classification system. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were performed using IBM SPSS (V.26.0). P values less than 0.05 were considered as significant.
RESULTS: Of the 2680 outpatient prescriptions dispensed to elderly population, 35.8% (95% CI: 34.0, 37.6) contained at least one antibiotic. Moreover, a total of 1061 antibiotics were prescribed to the elderly population. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics were ciprofloxacin (n=322, 30.3%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (n=145, 13.7%). The Access category accounted for the majority of antibiotics (53.7%) with 32.1% from the Watch category. Prescriber qualification (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)= 0.60, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.81) and polypharmacy (AOR= 2.32, 95% CI: 1.26, 4.27) were significant determinants of antibiotic prescribing in the elderly population. Besides, sex (AOR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.98), prescriber qualification (AOR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.30 to0.81) and level of health facility (AOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.81) were significant determinants of a Watch antibiotic prescription.
CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotics were prescribed to a considerable number of the elderly population, with more than half of them falling into the Access category. Further efforts by policy-makers are needed to promote the use of Access antibiotics while reducing the use of Watch antibiotics to mitigate risks associated with antimicrobial resistance.