饲养规模可能会影响黑兵蝇(BSF)幼虫的特征,当他们以单一饮食为食时,但是还没有测试不同的进料基质。本研究评估了小麦淀粉加工副产品为基础的日粮对生长性能的影响,生物转化效率(BER),不同尺度饲养的BSF幼虫的营养概况。四种日粮(D1和D2[等氮,等量和等能量];D3和D4[显示蛋白质与碳水化合物的比例为1:1和1:2,分别])在3个饲养尺度(4个重复盒/饮食,具有恒定体积[0.84cm3]/幼虫和饲料[0.7g]/幼虫):1)小(S;12×12厘米,基板高度:4厘米,6866日龄幼虫(6-DOL)/箱),2)培养基(M,32×21厘米,基板高度:7厘米,5.6006-DOL/箱),和3)大(L,60×40厘米,基板高度:7厘米,20.0006-DOL/箱)。在试验开始时和每4天记录幼虫重量,和增长率(GR),比增长率(SGR),饲料转化率(FCR),生存,针对残余校正的误码率,降低率(RR),和在幼虫生长结束时计算的废物减少指数(WRI)(FRAassDM≥55%)。底物pH值,一开始就测量了T和高度,每4天,审判结束。在试验结束时分析幼虫的近似组成。数据采用广义线性混合模型(SPSS软件,P<0.05)。D1幼虫显示较高的重量,GR,SGR和WRI(以及更高的衬底T)在M尺度上比D2大,虽然增加SGR和FCR-以及降低生存率,在S级D2幼虫中观察到RR和WRI-(P<0.05)。幼虫CP和乙醚提取物(EE)含量仅受到M和L尺度的影响,D2组高于D1组(P<0.001)。不同的是,当在S和M尺度饲养时,D2幼虫的灰分减少,而L量表显示D2组的灰分高于D1组(P<0.001)。D3幼虫显示更大的重量,SGR,生存,RR和WRI(以及更大的衬底T)在M尺度上比D4大,增加的存活率和底物T也以L标度突出(P<0.05)。在所有饲养规模下,D3幼虫的DM和EE也比D4低,CP也高(P<0.001)。总之,D1和D3导致更好的BSF幼虫生长性能,主要在M和L尺度上的BER和营养概况,由于它们能够促进幼虫聚集,反过来,允许实现更高的衬底T。
Rearing scale may influence black soldier fly (BSF) larvae traits when they are fed on a single diet, but different feeding substrates have not been tested yet. This study evaluated the effects of wheat starch processing by-products-based diets on growth performance, bioconversion efficiency, and nutritional profile of BSF larvae reared in different scales. Four diets (D1 and D2 [isonitrogenous, isolipidic and isoenergetic]; D3 and D4 [displaying 1:1 and 1:2 as protein to carbohydrate ratios, respectively]) were tested at 3 rearing scales (4 replicate boxes/diet, with a constant volume [0.84 cm3]/larva and feed [0.7 g]/larva): 1) small (S; 12 × 12 cm, substrate height: 4 cm, 686 6-day-old larvae (6-DOL)/box), 2) medium (M, 32 × 21 cm, substrate height: 7 cm, 5 600 6-DOL/box), and 3) large (L, 60 × 40 cm, substrate height: 7 cm, 20 000 6-DOL/box). Larval weight was recorded at the beginning of trial and every 4 days, and growth rate (GR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival, bioconversion efficiency corrected for residue (BER), reduction rate (RR), and waste reduction index (WRI) calculated at the end of larval growth (frass DM ≥ 55%). Substrate pH, T and height were measured at the beginning, every 4 days, and end of trial. Larval proximate composition was analysed at the end of trial. Data were analysed by generalised linear mixed model (SPSS software, P < 0.05). The D1 larvae showed higher weight, GR, SGR and WRI (along with higher substrate T) than D2 at M scale, while increased SGR and FCR - as well as decreased survival, RR and WRI - were observed in D2 larvae at S scale (P < 0.05). Larval CP and ether extract (EE) contents were influenced by M and L scales only, being higher in D2 group than in D1 (P < 0.001). Differently, decreased ash was recorded in D2 larvae when reared at S and M scales, while L scale revealed higher ash in D2 group than D1 (P < 0.001). The D3 larvae displayed greater weight, SGR, survival, RR and WRI (along with greater substrate T) than D4 at M scale, with increased survival and substrate T being also highlighted in L scale (P < 0.05). The D3 larvae also showed lower DM and EE - as well as higher CP - than D4 at all the rearing scales (P < 0.001). In conclusion, D1 and D3 led to better BSF larval growth performance, bioconversion efficiency and nutritional profile mainly at M and L scales, as a consequence of their ability to facilitate larval aggregation and, in turn, allow achieving a higher substrate T.