自从冠状病毒病(COVID-19)开始以来,很明显,这种感染的严重形式主要影响慢性病患者。
■这项研究的目的是探索与COVID19结局相关的临床和流行病学特征。
■回顾性观察研究包括巴尼亚卢卡县的40,692名公民,波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那,从2020年3月至2022年9月,他们在初级医疗保健中心被确认为COVID-19的逆转录酶聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)阳性。
■流行病学数据来自患者的网络医疗记录。COVID-19数据来自COVID-19数据表,包括患者的RT-PCR检测表格,严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2状态监测表,以及他们积极和孤立接触的地图。
■使用Pearson卡方检验和Mantel-Haenszel卡方检验对趋势进行分析,而平均值的差异使用独立样本t检验进行比较。
■住院患者的平均年龄明显高于非住院患者的年龄(P<0.001)。具有致死性结局的患者的平均年龄几乎是具有非致死性结局的患者的两倍(P<0.001)。男性患者住院率和死亡率较高(P<0.001)。住院率最高的是慢性肾衰竭(CRF)患者,糖尿病和心血管疾病(CVD),而CRF和炉膛合并症患者的死亡率最高。疲劳和食欲不振的患者具有较高的致死性结局百分比。接种疫苗的患者的致死结局率明显较低。
■临床症状,标志和结果,作为进一步管理COVID-19的预测参数。疫苗接种在COVID-19的临床结局中具有重要作用。
UNASSIGNED: Since beginning of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) it became clear that severe forms of this infection have primarily affected patients with chronic conditions.
UNASSIGNED: The aim of the study was to explore clinical and epidemiological characteristics associated with COVID 19 outcomes.
UNASSIGNED: The retrospective observational study included 40,692 citizens of Banja Luka County, Bosnia and Herzegovina, who were confirmed as reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive on COVID-19 at a primary healthcare centre from March 2020 to September 2022.
UNASSIGNED: Epidemiological data were obtained from Web-Medic medical records of patients. The COVID-19 data were obtained from COVID-19 data sheets comprised of patients\' RT-PCR testing forms, surveillance forms for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 status, and a map of their positive and isolated contacts.
UNASSIGNED: Differences regarding the distributions of patients between groups were analysed using the Pearson chi-square test and Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test for trends, while differences in mean values were compared using an independent sample t-test.
UNASSIGNED: The average age of hospitalised patients was significantly higher compared to the age of non-hospitalised patients (P < 0.001). The average age of patients with lethal outcomes was nearly twice as high in comparison to patients with non-lethal outcomes (P < 0.001). Male patients had a higher hospitalization and mortality rate (P < 0.001). The highest hospitalization rate was in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), while the death rate was the highest among patients with CRF and hearth comorbidities. Patients with fatigue and appetite loss had a higher percentage of lethal outcomes. Vaccinated patients had a significantly lower rate of lethal outcome.
UNASSIGNED: Clinical symptoms, signs and outcomes, are posing as predictive parameters for further management of COVID-19. Vaccination has an important role in the clinical outcomes of COVID-19.