Abstract：
Introduction. At the end of 2019 and the year before, there was a significant spread of measles in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region.Gap statement. Among the countries that reported, a measles outbreak was Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH).Aim. To describe the measles outbreak in BiH (an entity of the Federation of BiH, FBiH) in 2019.Methodology. Confirmatory IgM serology, measles nucleic acid detection by real-time RT-PCR and virus genotyping were done in the WHO-accredited laboratory for measles and rubella at the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo, Unit for Clinical Microbiology. Genotype was determined in all measles-RNA-positive cases by sequence analysis of the 450 nt fragment coding the C-terminal of measles virus nucleoprotein (N).Results. From 1 January to 31 December 2019, 1332 measles cases were reported, with the peak observed in April 2019 (413/1332, 31.01 %). Sarajevo Canton had the highest incidence, number of cases and percentage (206.4; 868/1332; 65.17 %) of measles cases. Around four-fifths of infected persons were unvaccinated (1086/1332, 81.53 %), while 4.58 % of the patients (61/1332) were immunized with one dose of measles-containing vaccine. The highest proportion of cases was found in children 0-6 years of age (738/1332, 55.41 %). Measles IgM positivity was determined in 75.88 % (346/456), while virus RNA was detected in 82.46 % (47/57) of the swab samples. All measles virus sequences belonged to genotype B3. SNP (position 216: C=>T) was detected in 1 of the 40 sequences obtained during this outbreak.Conclusion. Due to suboptimal immunization coverage, BiH belongs to countries at a high risk for measles outbreaks. Post-COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, targeted and tailored strategies are required to ensure routine vaccination demand and acceptance and broad partner and stakeholder group participation.
摘要：
Introduction.在2019年底和前一年，在世界卫生组织（WHO）欧洲区域，麻疹有显著的传播。差距声明。在报告的国家中，波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那(波黑)爆发了麻疹疫情。瞄准.描述波黑（波黑联邦的一个实体，FBiH）在2019年。方法论。验证性IgM血清学,通过实时RT-PCR和病毒基因分型的麻疹核酸检测在萨拉热窝大学临床中心的世卫组织认可的麻疹和风疹实验室进行，单位为临床微生物学。通过对编码麻疹病毒核蛋白（N）C末端的450nt片段进行序列分析，确定了所有麻疹RNA阳性病例的基因型。结果。2019年1月1日至12月31日，报告了1332例麻疹病例，与2019年4月观测到的峰值（413/1332，31.01%）。萨拉热窝州的发病率最高,麻疹病例数和百分比(206.4;868/1332;65.17%)。大约五分之四的感染者没有接种疫苗(1086/1332，81.53%)，4.58%(61/1332)的患者接受了一剂含麻疹疫苗的免疫接种。病例比例最高的是0-6岁儿童（738/1332，占55.41％）。麻疹IgM阳性为75.88%(346/456),而在82.46%(47/57)的拭子样本中检测到病毒RNA。所有麻疹病毒序列均属于B3基因型。在该爆发期间获得的40个序列中的1个中检测到SNP(位置216:C=>T)。结论。由于免疫覆盖率欠佳，波黑属于麻疹暴发风险高的国家。后COVID-19（2019年冠状病毒病）大流行，需要有针对性和量身定制的策略，以确保常规疫苗接种需求和接受以及广泛的合作伙伴和利益相关者团体参与。
