骨头,人体的基本组成部分,是重要的支撑架,保护,和运动,强调其在维持骨骼完整性和整体功能方面的关键作用。然而,创伤等因素,疾病,或者衰老会损害骨骼结构,需要有效的再生策略。传统方法通常缺乏有利于有效组织修复的仿生环境。纳米纤维微球(NFMS)通过模拟天然的细胞外基质结构,为骨骼再生提供了一个有前途的仿生平台。通过优化的制造技术和活性生物分子组分的掺入,NFMS可以精确复制成骨促进所必需的纳米结构和生化线索。此外,NFMS表现出多种特性,包括可调形态,机械强度,和控制释放动力学,增强它们对定制骨组织工程应用的适用性。NFMS增强细胞募集,附件,和扩散,同时促进成骨分化和矿化,从而加速骨骼愈合。这篇综述强调了NFMS在骨组织工程中的关键作用,阐明他们的设计原则和关键属性。通过检查最近的临床前应用,我们评估了他们目前的临床状态,并讨论了潜在临床翻译的关键考虑因素.这篇综述为生物材料和组织工程交叉的研究人员提供了重要的见解,突出这一不断扩大的领域的发展。
Bone, a fundamental constituent of the human body, is a vital scaffold for support, protection, and locomotion, underscoring its pivotal role in maintaining skeletal integrity and overall functionality. However, factors such as trauma, disease, or aging can compromise bone structure, necessitating effective strategies for regeneration. Traditional approaches often lack
biomimetic environments conducive to efficient tissue repair. Nanofibrous microspheres (NFMS) present a promising
biomimetic platform for bone regeneration by mimicking the native extracellular matrix architecture. Through optimized fabrication techniques and the incorporation of active biomolecular components, NFMS can precisely replicate the nanostructure and biochemical cues essential for osteogenesis promotion. Furthermore, NFMS exhibit versatile properties, including tunable morphology, mechanical strength, and controlled release kinetics, augmenting their suitability for tailored bone tissue engineering applications. NFMS enhance cell recruitment, attachment, and proliferation, while promoting osteogenic differentiation and mineralization, thereby accelerating bone healing. This review highlights the pivotal role of NFMS in bone tissue engineering, elucidating their design principles and key attributes. By examining recent preclinical applications, we assess their current clinical status and discuss critical considerations for potential clinical translation. This review offers crucial insights for researchers at the intersection of biomaterials and tissue engineering, highlighting developments in this expanding field.