粘蛋白降解肠共生Akkermansiamuciniphila(A.粘蛋白)与各种疾病呈负相关,包括代谢紊乱,神经退行性疾病,和癌症,通过通用分子与宿主受体的相互作用。尽管如此,它们在营养丰富的环境中(例如在人体肠道中)的确切代谢能力尚未完全表征。因此,在本研究中,我们调查了在补充了已知存在于肠道环境中的四种主要肠道微生物营养素后,粘液性嗜酸性杆菌的综合代谢组和脂质组:粘蛋白,无机盐,胆汁盐,和短链脂肪酸(SCFA)。我们的结果表明,粘蛋白是粘虫的不同脂质组学和代谢组学特征的主要驱动因素。它促进了这种细菌的整体生长。虽然添加无机盐,胆汁盐,和SCFA被发现抑制粘胶杆菌的生长。有趣的是,无机盐影响A.muciniphila培养物中的嘌呤代谢,而添加胆盐可显着增加其他胆汁酸和N-酰基酰胺的产量。最后,SCFA被鉴定为改变甘油三酸酯的A.muciniphila能量利用,脂肪酰基,和磷脂酰乙醇胺。据我们所知,这是第一项检查粘虫A.muciniphila的综合脂质组和代谢组的研究,这突出了营养影响对粘虫A.muciniphila的脂质组和代谢组的重要性,因此提供了基础知识来揭示粘虫A.muciniphila对宿主健康的潜在影响。
The mucin-degrading gut commensal Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) negatively correlates with various diseases, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancers, through interacting with host receptors by diverse molecules. Still, their exact metabolic capability within the nutrient-rich environment (such as in the human gut) is not fully characterized. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the comprehensive metabolome and lipidome of A. muciniphila after supplementation of four major gut microbial nutrients: mucin, inorganic salts, bile salts, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Our results showed that mucin is the predominant driver of the different lipidomic and metabolomic profiles of A. muciniphila, and it promotes the overall growth of this bacteria. While the addition of inorganic salts, bile salts, and SCFAs was found to inhibit the growth of A. muciniphila. Interestingly, inorganic salts affected the purine metabolism in A. muciniphila cultures, while adding bile salts significantly increased the production of other bile acids and N-acyl amides. Lastly, SCFAs were identified to alter the A. muciniphila energy utilization of triglycerides, fatty acyls, and phosphatidylethanolamines. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the comprehensive lipidome and metabolome of A. muciniphila, which highlights the importance of nutritional impacts on the lipidome and metabolome of A. muciniphila and hence providing foundational knowledge to unveil the potential effects of A. muciniphila on host health.