■饮食适应,或者移民群体采用主导文化饮食,影响人类健康。我们旨在研究饮食适应及其与心血管疾病(CVD)的关系,肠道菌群,和美国西班牙裔和拉丁裔成年人的血液代谢产物。
■在HCHS/SOL(西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁美洲人研究)中,美国的暴露是按美国的年份定义的(50个州和华盛顿州,DC)和美国诞生。饮食适应模式来自14172名参与者,在基线(2008-2011)使用最小绝对收缩和选择操作员回归进行两次24小时饮食回顾,食物组是美国暴露的预测因素。我们评估了约7年随访期间(n=211/14172例/总数)和肠道微生物群(n=2349;2014年至2017年第2次访问)的饮食适应与CVD事件的关联。与饮食适应相关的肠道微生物群(n=694)和事件CVD(n=108/5256例/总计)相关的血清代谢物被用作替代指标,以评估饮食相关的肠道微生物群与事件CVD的关联。
■我们确定了一个以美国为导向的经验饮食适应评分,该评分随着美国暴露而增加。较高的饮食适应评分与较高的CVD事件风险相关(每SD的风险比,1.33[95%CI,1.13-1.57]),根据社会人口统计进行调整,生活方式,和临床因素。69种微生物物种(17种富含不同物种,52种主要从利用纤维的梭菌和普雷沃氏菌物种中耗尽)与饮食适应有关,由于全谷物摄入量较低,豆子,水果和更多的精制谷物。二十五种代谢物,主要参与脂肪酸和甘油磷脂代谢(例如,支链14:0二羧酸**和甘油磷酸乙醇胺),与饮食适应相关的肠道微生物群和心血管事件有关。基于这些代谢物的代理关联分析表明,与饮食适应相关的微生物组和CVD风险之间存在正相关关系(r=0.70,P<0.001)。
■在美国西班牙裔和拉丁裔成年人中,更大的饮食适应与CVD风险升高相关,可能是通过肠道微生物群和相关代谢物的改变。以饮食和微生物区为目标的干预措施可能为减轻饮食适应的CVD负担提供机会。
UNASSIGNED: Dietary
acculturation, or adoption of dominant culture diet by migrant groups, influences human health. We aimed to examine dietary
acculturation and its relationships with cardiovascular disease (CVD), gut microbiota, and blood metabolites among US Hispanic and Latino adults.
UNASSIGNED: In the HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos), US exposure was defined by years in the United States (50 states and Washington, DC) and US nativity. A dietary
acculturation pattern was derived from 14 172 participants with two 24-hour dietary recalls at baseline (2008-2011) using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, with food groups as predictors of US exposure. We evaluated associations of dietary
acculturation with incident CVD across ≈7 years of follow-up (n=211/14 172 cases/total) and gut microbiota (n=2349; visit 2, 2014 to 2017). Serum metabolites associated with both dietary acculturation-related gut microbiota (n=694) and incident CVD (n=108/5256 cases/total) were used as proxy measures to assess the association of diet-related gut microbiome with incident CVD.
UNASSIGNED: We identified an empirical US-oriented dietary acculturation score that increased with US exposure. Higher dietary
acculturation score was associated with higher risk of incident CVD (hazard ratio per SD, 1.33 [95% CI, 1.13-1.57]), adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors. Sixty-nine microbial species (17 enriched from diverse species, 52 depleted mainly from fiber-utilizing Clostridia and Prevotella species) were associated with dietary acculturation, driven by lower intakes of whole grains, beans, and fruits and higher intakes of refined grains. Twenty-five metabolites, involved predominantly in fatty acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism (eg, branched-chain 14:0 dicarboxylic acid** and glycerophosphoethanolamine), were associated with both diet acculturation-related gut microbiota and incident CVD. Proxy association analysis based on these metabolites suggested a positive relationship between diet acculturation-related microbiome and risk of CVD (r=0.70, P<0.001).
UNASSIGNED: Among US Hispanic and Latino adults, greater dietary acculturation was associated with elevated CVD risk, possibly through alterations in gut microbiota and related metabolites. Diet and microbiota-targeted interventions may offer opportunities to mitigate CVD burdens of dietary acculturation.