肉碱是一种医学上需要的营养素,有助于能量的产生和脂肪酸的代谢。素食者的生物利用度高于吃肉的人。肉碱转运蛋白的缺陷是由于基因突变或与其他疾病如肝脏或肾脏疾病的组合而发生的。肉碱缺乏可能出现在内分泌疾病等疾病中,心肌病,糖尿病,营养不良,老化,脓毒症,和肝硬化由于肉碱调节异常。外源提供的分子显然对原发性肉碱缺陷的人有用,可能会危及生命,还有一些次要的缺陷,包括这种有机酸尿症:通过根除张力减退,肌肉无力,运动技能,据报道,改善左旋肉碱(LC)可以改善缺血性心脏病患者的心肌功能和代谢,以及心绞痛患者的运动表现。此外,尽管一些有趣的数据表明LC在各种条件下都是有用的,包括由长期全胃肠外补充或慢性血液透析引起的肉碱缺乏,高脂血症,以及预防蒽环类和丙戊酸引起的毒性,必须谨慎看待这些发现。
Carnitine is a medically needful nutrient that contributes in the production of energy and the metabolism of fatty acids. Bioavailability is higher in vegetarians than in people who eat meat. Deficits in carnitine transporters occur as a result of genetic mutations or in combination with other illnesses such like hepatic or renal disease. Carnitine deficit can arise in diseases such endocrine maladies, cardiomyopathy, diabetes, malnutrition, aging, sepsis, and cirrhosis due to abnormalities in carnitine regulation. The exogenously provided molecule is obviously useful in people with primary carnitine deficits, which can be life-threatening, and also some secondary deficiencies, including such organic acidurias: by eradicating hypotonia, muscle weakness, motor skills, and wasting are all improved l-carnitine (LC) have reported to improve myocardial functionality and metabolism in ischemic heart disease patients, as well as athletic performance in individuals with angina pectoris. Furthermore, although some intriguing data indicates that LC could be useful in a variety of conditions, including carnitine deficiency caused by long-term total parenteral supplementation or chronic hemodialysis, hyperlipidemias, and the prevention of anthracyclines and valproate-induced toxicity, such findings must be viewed with caution.