The relevance of the study of the role of pedagogical knowledge in the professional activity of a modern doctor is due to the reform of the domestic health care system and the reorientation of medical workers from the treatment of diseases to preventive medicine and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle. The purpose of the work is to consider the role of pedagogy in the professional activity of a modern doctor. The article discusses the directions of building a model of interaction between a doctor and a patient. In conclusion, it is concluded that the achievements of pedagogical science, ensuring the harmonious development of personality, are also important for their use in the practical professional activity of a modern doctor, especially from the point of view of teaching patients and educating them to self-preservation behavior. Therefore, pedagogy today plays an important role in the system of training medical personnel and acts as a subject, the study of aspects of which is aimed at integrating pedagogical knowledge into the process of training a modern doctor.

Bringing to disciplinary responsibility of medical workers in the context of reforming the system of personnel training for the medical field, the introduction of digital technologies into the daily activities of a doctor, acquires pronounced specific features. The purpose of the study is to review the current labor legislation regulating labor discipline and identify the grounds for bringing medical workers to disciplinary responsibility in medical organizations.

The objective analysis of state of medical personnel, along with assessment of real need for specialists, is the basis of improving activities of any health care service. In relation to pathologists, there is unique opportunity to perform similar analysis, based on application of current corresponding staff standards that consider volume of workload of physicians in order to determine required number of positions. The implementation of corresponding original methodology permitted to establish that the actual number of staff positions of pathologists in 2022 amounted up to average 40.6% of the number required according to staffing standards in the Irkutsk Oblast. The physician staffing ratio, calculated on the basis of required number of positions found according to proposed methodology, decreases to 29.1% and staffing with physicians excluding combined jobs to 17.1%. At that, implemented workload per one pathologist reaches 5.9 of standard positions. The deficiency of representatives of this specialty in the region, even if current combined jobs ratio is maintained, is 154 specialists.

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Amygdalin is purported to exhibit anti-cancer properties when hydrolyzed to hydrogen cyanide (HCN). However, knowledge about amygdalin efficacy is limited. A questionnaire evaluating the efficacy, treatment, and dosing protocols, reasons for use, HCN levels, and toxicity was distributed to physicians and healers in Germany, providing amygdalin as an anti-cancer drug. Physicians (20) and healers (18) provided amygdalin over 8 (average) years to nearly 80 annually treated patients/providers. Information about amygdalin was predominantly obtained from colleagues (55%). Amygdalin was administered both intravenously (100%) and orally (32%). Intravenous application was considered to maximally delay disease progression (90%) and relieve symptoms (55%). Dosing was based on recommendations from colleagues (71%) or personal experience (47%). If limited success became apparent after an initial 3g/infusion, infusions were increased to 27g/infusion. Treatment response was primarily monitored with established (26%) and non-established tumor markers (19%). 90% did not monitor HCN levels. Negative effects were restricted to a few dizzy spells and nausea. Only 58% were willing to participate in clinical trials or contribute data for analysis (34%). Amygdalin infusions are commonly administered by healers and physicians with few side effects. The absence of standardized treatment calls for guidelines. Since intravenous application bypasses metabolization, re-evaluation of its mode of action is required.

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In 2024, physicians face significant financial challenges due to declining Medicare reimbursement rates and high student loan interest rates, which will impact health care delivery and access.

Implicit bias has been linked to gender disparities in medical careers, impacting not only access to leadership positions but also early career opportunities. We aimed to evaluate if there were differences in the assessment of Neurology residents according to gender. We collected publicly available grades and rankings of two major evaluations that residents are submitted to, one at the beginning and another at the end of the neurology residency program, the National Board Exam and neurology examination, respectively. The National Board Examination is a multiple-choice gender-blinded evaluation, while the neurology examination is an oral gender-unblinded evaluation. We found that 36.5% of women and 21.6% of men were in the first quartile of the National Board Examination ranking, which reflects a similar representation among top classifications when assessed through a gender-blinded examination. On the other hand, the percentage of men who were in the top classification of NE, a gender-unblinded evaluation, was more than twice as high compared to women (37.8% vs 18.3%, p < 0.05). The findings of the present study may imply that there could be a disparity in women\'s career progression among neurology residents in Portugal, although the recruitment seems balanced between genders.

BACKGROUND: Lipodystrophy syndromes are a heterogeneous group of rare, life-limiting diseases characterized by a selective loss of adipose tissue and severe metabolic complications. There is a paucity of information describing the experiences and challenges faced by physicians who have seen and treated patients with lipodystrophy. This study aimed to provide a better understanding of the physician\'s perspective regarding the patient journey in lipodystrophy, including diagnosis, the burden of disease, and treatment approaches.
METHODS: Thirty-three physicians from six countries who had seen or treated patients with lipodystrophy were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Interviews were transcribed, anonymized, and analyzed for themes and trends. Four main themes were developed: (1) the diagnostic journey in lipodystrophy including the disease features or \'triggers\' that result in the onward referral of patients to specialist medical centers with experience in managing lipodystrophy; (2) the impact of lipodystrophy on patient quality of life (QoL); (3) the use of standard therapies and leptin replacement therapy (metreleptin) in lipodystrophy, and (4) barriers to metreleptin use.
RESULTS: Participants reported that, due to their rarity and phenotypic heterogeneity, lipodystrophy cases are frequently unrecognized, leading to delays in diagnosis and medical intervention. Early consultation with multidisciplinary specialist medical teams was recommended for suspected lipodystrophy cases. The development and progression of metabolic complications were identified as key triggers for the referral of patients to specialist centers for follow-up care. Participants emphasized the impact of lipodystrophy on patient QoL, including effects on mental health and self-image. Although participants routinely used standard medical therapies to treat specific metabolic complications associated with lipodystrophy, it was acknowledged that metreleptin was typically required in patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy and in some acquired generalized and partial lipodystrophy cases. A lack of experience among some participants and restrictions to access remained as barriers to metreleptin use.
CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies describing the qualitative experiences of physicians regarding the diagnosis and management of lipodystrophy. Other physician-centered studies may help increase the awareness of lipodystrophy among the wider medical community and support clinical approaches to this rare disease.

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