memoir

回忆录
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本文研究了两个自传文本,解决了移民与心理健康斗争之间的关系:KarlaCornejoVillavicencio的《无证美国人》(2021年)和DinaNayeri的《忘恩负义的难民:移民从不告诉你的事情》(2020年)。这两部回忆录都有助于在不稳定的情况下揭示心理健康问题,文本表明,不仅仅是身体错位的经历可能导致或加剧与心理健康的斗争,但是与其他人的脱节,从公民身份,以及国家本身。Nayeri和CornejoVillavicencio不专注于康复或康复的叙述,而是为其他无证移民试图穿越欧洲庇护系统或难以获得美国公民身份的经历提供了空间。这篇文章认为,两位作者利用他们在移民和精神疾病方面的经验,在人权方面进行更大的宣传。正如两位作者所描述的那样,两部回忆录中与心理健康的斗争与无证移民的待遇交织在一起,超越了个人的心理健康经验,或疾病,将其与美国和欧洲的移民实践和政策联系起来。
    This article examines two autobiographical texts that address the relationship between migration and struggles with mental health: Karla Cornejo Villavicencio\'s The Undocumented Americans (2021) and Dina Nayeri\'s The Ungrateful Refugee: What Immigrants Never Tell You (2020). Both memoirs help bring mental health issues to light in situations of precarity, and the texts indicate that it is not just the experience of physical dislocation that may cause or exacerbate struggles with mental health, but the disconnect from other people, from citizenship, and the nation itself. Nayeri and Cornejo Villavicencio do not focus on narratives of recovery or healing but provide space for the experiences of other undocumented migrants trying to navigate the European asylum system or difficulties in obtaining American citizenship. The article argues that the two authors use their experiences of migration and mental illness for greater advocacy purposes with regard to human rights. The struggles with mental health present in the two memoirs intertwine with the treatment of undocumented migrants as described by the two authors, going beyond the personal experience of mental health, or illness, connecting it with migration practices and policies in the United States and Europe.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
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  • 文章类型: Review
    五十年的研究改变了我们对细菌运动的理解,基于有限数量的电子显微照片和一些低放大倍数的细胞朝向或远离化学效应物的研究,可能是生物学中最容易理解的行为系统。我们对细菌如何感知和响应其环境变化有分子理解,并对我们所知的最复杂的运动结构之一的工作原理有详细的结构见解。由于基因组学的进步,我们也明白了,通过进化,不同的物种已经调整和调整了一个核心共享系统,以优化其特定环境中的行为。在这次审查中,我将强调我们在40多年的职业生涯中取得的一些意想不到的发现,这些发现如何改变了我们对细菌行为和生物化学的理解,以及为接受这些观察而进行的一些斗争。
    Fifty years of research has transformed our understanding of bacterial movement from one of description, based on a limited number of electron micrographs and some low-magnification studies of cells moving towards or away from chemical effectors, to probably the best understood behavioural system in biology. We have a molecular understanding of how bacteria sense and respond to changes in their environment and detailed structural insights into the workings of one of the most complex motor structures we know of. Thanks to advances in genomics we also understand how, through evolution, different species have tuned and adapted a core shared system to optimize behaviour in their specific environment. In this review, I will highlight some of the unexpected findings we made during my over 40-year career, how those findings changed some of our understanding of bacterial behaviour and biochemistry and some of the battles to have those observations accepted.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    在过去的五到六十年中,遗传学已成为医学的重要组成部分。除了遗传学,一个相对较新的学科,形态学,在为个人和家庭提供至关重要的诊断方面也开始发挥重要作用。两者都已成为解开罕见疾病不可或缺的一部分。几乎每个医学专业都依赖于在这些专业中经验丰富的个人来为向其他医生展示自己的患者提供诊断。此外,这两个专业都依赖于分子遗传学家来鉴定与人类疾病相关的基因。许多医学遗传学家,畸形学家,分子遗传学家在到达他们占据的位置之前走了一条迂回的路线。收集本文中包含的回忆录的目的是向读者传达,自1960年代末/1970年代初以来为遗传学和形态学发展做出贡献的许多人都是基于许多机会而旅行的,在医学和人类遗传学或形态学的实践中找到充分的享受之前,回答他们一路上面临的必需品。此外,同样重要的是,随着新技术的发展,人类遗传学成为人类基因组学,所有人都表现出了在他们的专业领域中进化的能力。
    Genetics has become a critical component of medicine over the past five to six decades. Alongside genetics, a relatively new discipline, dysmorphology, has also begun to play an important role in providing critically important diagnoses to individuals and families. Both have become indispensable to unraveling rare diseases. Almost every medical specialty relies on individuals experienced in these specialties to provide diagnoses for patients who present themselves to other doctors. Additionally, both specialties have become reliant on molecular geneticists to identify genes associated with human disorders. Many of the medical geneticists, dysmorphologists, and molecular geneticists traveled a circuitous route before arriving at the position they occupied. The purpose of collecting the memoirs contained in this article was to convey to the reader that many of the individuals who contributed to the advancement of genetics and dysmorphology since the late 1960s/early 1970s traveled along a journey based on many chances taken, replying to the necessities they faced along the way before finding full enjoyment in the practice of medical and human genetics or dysmorphology. Additionally, and of equal importance, all exhibited an ability to evolve with their field of expertise as human genetics became human genomics with the development of novel technologies.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    围绕衰老的复杂性,痴呆症,护理是超越制度界限的及时而紧迫的问题,在跨学科的晚年生活中引发了一场批判性的辩论。近几十年来,痴呆症和护理叙事的文学和文化表现显着增加,这提供了对这种情况下生活和变老的复杂范例的宝贵见解。在她的回忆录《我留在黑暗中》(1999)中,诺贝尔奖获得者安妮·厄诺克斯(AnnieErnaux)坦率地讲述了她母亲在痴呆症中的经历,从开始到逐渐下降。Ernaux真诚地探索了家庭和机构背景下痴呆症和护理的细微差别,并阐明了母女之间复杂而不安的关系。通过见证的行为,她走上了疗伤的道路,这让她能够面对过去的创伤,更好地驾驭未来的挑战。Ernaux对她母亲的痴呆症和衰老的痛苦描述既是一种忏悔性的写作,也是一种叙事疗法,这揭示了衰老的挑战,疾病,和未解决的家庭紧张关系。她的作品阐明了过去之间的相互联系,present,和未来,并表明疾病叙事可以作为变革的催化剂,身份形成,和自我反省。然而,Ernaux\的自白回忆录也困扰着生活写作和身份问题的伦理,并且似乎通过暴露母亲在面对痴呆症和护理时的脆弱性和亲密关系,使病态的医学凝视永存。
    The complexities surrounding aging, dementia, and care are timely issues that transcend beyond institutional boundaries, evincing a critical debate on later life across disciplines. The aim of this study is to offer fresh insights into the intricate paradigms of living and growing older with dementia. The study focuses on the Nobel Prize-winning author Annie Ernaux\'s memoir I Remain in Darkness (1999), which provides a candid account of her mother\'s journey through dementia from its onset to the gradual decline.
    This article employs the theoretical frameworks of literary gerontology, illness narratives and life writing to address the challenges of aging, dementia and care that are represented in Ernaux\'s memoir. It also addresses societal attitudes and stigma associated with aging and dementia by exploring the embarrassment that individuals and families experience when confronted with the deteriorating mental health of their loved ones.
    Ernaux\'s memoir explores the nuances of dementia and caregiving within both the familial and institutional context, and sheds light on the complex relationship between a mother and a daughter. Through the act of witnessing, Ernaux embarks on a path of healing, which allows her to confront her past wounds and better navigate the challenges that lie ahead. However, Ernaux\'s confessional memoir also troubles the ethics of life writing and identity issues, and seems to perpetuate the pathologizing medical gaze through the exposure of her mother\'s vulnerability and intimacy in the face of dementia and care.
    Ernaux\'s account of her mother\'s dementia and aging is both a confessional piece of writing and a narrative therapy, which reveals the challenges of aging, illness, and unresolved family tensions. Her work illuminates the interconnectedness between the past, present, and future, and shows that illness narratives can act as a catalyst for transformative change, identity formation, and self-reflection. The article addresses the intricacies of old age, showcasing how life writing and humanities-based inquiry can bring to the fore key aspects of the latest stages in life, which are often unvoiced because they represent the most unpleasant and feared aspects of aging in contemporary society.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Life-writing is an increasingly recognized genre including, among other forms of expression, biography, memoir, journals, diaries and letters. In addition to providing a source of information about potentially significant historical and social dimensions of medicine, the life-writing of physicians also offers the public a greater sense of the writers\' inner lives and provides a resource of wisdom and companionship to other physicians and health care professionals across time and various stages of personal and professional development. This kind of life-writing, when considered alongside patient accounts, can further contribute to what Anne Hunsaker Hawkins has called \"a medicine that is truly human\".
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目前尚不清楚怀旧如何实现研究记录的对福祉的广泛益处。许多有利于怀旧的研究都在实验室环境中采用了实验和定量方法。文学和回忆录为探索怀旧的复杂性提供了更广泛的内容。文学,回忆录,实验室研究都说明了怀旧在维持意义上的作用,身份,和社会联系。然而,从这种评估中得出的初步见解表明,文学形式更加强调怀旧在解决冲突以及应对变化和损失中的作用。文学形式通过提供更多的生活经验和反思来补充实验室的工作,这些经验和反思可以随着时间的推移产生更多的综合综合。
    It is not yet clear how nostalgia achieves the wide-ranging benefits on wellbeing documented by research. Much of the research favorable to nostalgia has employed experimental and quantitative methods within a laboratory setting. Literature and memoir offer a wider range of content for exploration into the complexity of nostalgia. Literature, memoir, and laboratory research have all illustrated the role of nostalgia in sustaining meaning, identity, and social connectedness. However, initial insights from this appraisal suggest a stronger emphasis in literary forms on the role of nostalgia in resolving conflict and coping with change and loss. Literary forms supplement laboratory efforts by providing a greater diversity of life experience and reflections that can yield more integrative syntheses over time.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本文分析了传统的家庭观念在当代回忆录中是如何“古怪”的。我探索异性耦合如何变得不自然,破坏其与生殖的关系-甚至可预测的家庭时间前进也变成了循环,被替代的亲属关系模型所困扰。我将这种动态称为“类似于亲戚”,以考虑这些表示形式如何与家庭的规范性观念相接近和背离。我分析了几本当代家庭回忆录,以梳理出通过酷儿关系想象“家庭”的时刻。
    This essay analyzes how traditional notions of family are \"queered\" in contemporary memoir. I explore how heterosexual coupling becomes unnatural, undermining its equation with reproduction-and even the predictable forward march of family time becomes circular, haunted by alternate kinship models. I refer to this dynamic as \"akin to kin\" to consider how these representations both approximate and depart from normative ideas of family. I analyze several contemporary family memoirs to tease out moments in which \"family\" is imagined otherwise through queer relationalities.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    几乎自成立以来,朋克已经被宣布死亡。生活在永远的东西上意味着什么,至少有一点点,gone?examininghowJustinPearsonmusgespersonalaccountsofdeathandwalningwithasenseofpunkthatisroottolossinhisrememberofhisparticipationinaNorthAmericanpunkculturesincethe1990,从唤醒工业的墓地,这篇文章考虑了如何关注生活在朋克死后可能会改变学术和流行的叙事告诉朋克。朋克在1970年代以救赎的重生而死,成为反资本主义叙事的主题。这篇文章考虑了皮尔森的回忆录如何通过坚持朋克可能无法将自己与更广阔的世界分开来探索不同的框架,虽然这可能会给朋克带来致命的打击,它还命名了一组定义朋克的持久条件。在将回忆录放在这种对朋克的救赎性描述以及那些看到其局限性的人中之后,这篇文章提供了对几个场景的分析,这些场景解决了个人损失,这些损失与皮尔森对朋克的依恋有关。皮尔逊与朋克摇滚有关的死亡是个人的,但他们也记录了一个亚文化的损失的更大的意义,不能停止宣布自己的灭亡,尤其是失去一个幻想,认为朋克是世界的避难所。
    Almost since its inception, punk has been declared dead. What does it mean to live attached to something that is always, at least a little bit, gone? Examining how Justin Pearson merges personal accounts of death and mourning with a sense of punk that is rooted in loss in his memoir of his participation in a North American punk culture since the 1990s, From the Graveyard of the Arousal Industry, this article considers how a focus on living in the wake of the death of punk might shift scholarly and popular narratives told about punk. Punk outlives its death in the 1970s with a redemptive rebirth in which it became the subject of an anti-capitalist narrative. The article considers how Pearson\'s memoir explores a different framework by insisting that punk may not be able to separate itself from the wider world, and that while this might appear to deal a death blow to punk, it also names a persistent set of conditions that define punk. After placing the memoir in the context of this redemptive account of punk as well as among those who see its limits, the article offers an analysis of several scenes addressing personal losses that merge with Pearson\'s attachment to punk-as-something-dead-and-gone. The deaths that Pearson associates with punk rock are personal, but they also register the larger significance of loss for a subculture that cannot stop declaring its own demise, including especially the loss of a fantasy that sees punk as a refuge from the world.
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