在过去的几十年中,基于光学成像的生物分析取得了重大进展。发光探针能够检测,监测,并追踪复杂生物系统中的特定生物分子,以确定这些分子在生物体中的作用。考虑到生物应用发光探针的快速发展及其前景,我们试图探索发光探针的工作原理和生物应用的最新进展,希望帮助读者详细了解近年来开发的发光探针。在这次审查中,我们首先关注目前广泛使用的发光探针,包括荧光探针,生物发光探针,化学发光探针,余辉探测器,光声探头,和切伦科夫发光探针。简要描述了每种发光探针的工作原理,并按类别总结了发光探针的生物应用,包括金属离子检测,分泌检测,成像,和治疗。
Bioanalysis based on optical imaging has gained significant progress in the last few decades. Luminescence probes are capable of detecting, monitoring, and tracing particular biomolecules in complex biological systems to figure out the roles of these molecules in organisms. Considering the rapid development of luminescence probes for bio-applications and their promising future, we have attempted to explore the working principles and recent advances in bio-applications of luminescence probes, in the hope of helping readers gain a detailed understanding of luminescence probes developed in recent years. In this review, we first focus on the current widely used luminescence probes, including fluorescence probes, bioluminescence probes, chemiluminescence probes, afterglow probes,
photoacoustic probes, and Cerenkov luminescence probes. The working principles for each type of luminescence probe are concisely described and the bio-application of the luminescence probes is summarized by category, including metal ions detection, secretion detection, imaging, and therapy.