背景:麻疹和风疹是可通过疫苗预防的疾病,目标是在大多数世界卫生组织地区消除,中国被认为有消除麻疹的势头。因此,本研究旨在评估中国浙江省人群对麻疹和风疹的免疫水平,以便为未来的公共卫生措施提供有价值的见解,并为正在进行的全球防治这些疾病的运动做出贡献.
方法:2022年进行了横断面血清学调查。从0-59岁的健康个体中收集了总共2740份血液样本,代表了中国浙江省11个地市的不同人口阶层。测试血清中的麻疹和风疹IgG抗体,以确定阳性率和几何平均浓度(GMC)。
结果:麻疹IgG抗体总阳性率为85.3%,GMC为588.30mIU/mL。风疹IgG抗体阳性率为70.9%,GMC为35.30IU/mL。麻疹IgG抗体阳性率在0-11个月,12-23个月,24-35个月,3-5年,6-9年,10-14年,15-19年,20-29岁,30-59岁年龄组占63.1%,92.5%,97.0%,94.0%,85.8%,77.3%,86.9%,84.9%,和88.7%,趋势χ2=118.34,p<0.001。相应地,这些相同年龄段的风疹抗体阳性率为55.9%,87.9%,94.7%,88.2%,69.9%,54.2%,72.6%,67.5%,74.3%(趋势χ2=199.18,p<0.001)。单变量和多变量分析一致表明,年龄,免疫史,不同的经济水平是导致抗体水平变化的重要因素。
结论:麻疹和风疹的血清阳性率低于群体免疫所需的血清阳性率。应定期开展疫苗接种运动,以提高免疫力。
BACKGROUND: Measles and rubella are vaccine-preventable diseases targeted for elimination in most World Health Organization regions, and China is considered to have momentum towards measles elimination. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the population immunity levels against measles and rubella in Zhejiang Province in China in order to provide valuable insights for informing future public health measures and contributing to the ongoing global campaign against these diseases.
METHODS: A cross-sectional serological survey was conducted in 2022. A total of 2740 blood samples were collected from healthy individuals spanning the age range of 0-59 years, representing diverse demographic strata across 11 prefectures in Zhejiang Province in China. The sera were tested for measles and rubella IgG antibodies to determine positivity rates and geometric mean concentrations (GMCs).
RESULTS: The overall positivity rate for the measles IgG antibody was 85.3%, with a GMC of 588.30 mIU/mL. The positivity rate for the rubella IgG antibody was 70.9%, and the GMC was 35.30 IU/mL. Measles IgG antibody positivity rates across the 0-11 months, 12-23 months, 24-35 months, 3-5 years, 6-9 years, 10-14 years, 15-19 years, 20-29 years, and 30-59 years age groups were 63.1%, 92.5%, 97.0%, 94.0%, 85.8%, 77.3%, 86.9%, 84.9%, and 88.7%, respectively (trend χ2 = 118.34, p < 0.001). Correspondingly, rubella antibody positivity rates for these same age brackets were 55.9%, 87.9%, 94.7%, 88.2%, 69.9%, 54.2%, 72.6%, 67.5%, and 74.3% (trend χ2 = 199.18, p < 0.001). Both univariate and multivariate analyses consistently demonstrated that age, immunization history, and differing economic levels were significant factors contributing to variations in antibody levels.
CONCLUSIONS: The seroprevalence of measles and rubella was lower than that required for herd immunity. Periodic vaccination campaigns should be launched to increase immunity.