■随着女性年龄的增长,尤其是绝经后,心血管疾病(CVD)患病率上升,构成重大的全球健康问题。定期运动可以通过改善绝经后妇女的血压和血脂水平来减轻CVD风险。然而,在这种人群中,增强血管结构和功能的最佳运动方式仍不确定。这项研究旨在比较五种运动形式,以辨别最有效的干预措施,以降低绝经后妇女的心血管风险。
■这项研究搜索了PubMed,WebofScience,科克伦,EBSCO,和Embase数据库。它对五种运动干预措施进行了随机对照试验(RCT)的网络荟萃分析(NMA):连续耐力训练(CET),间歇训练(INT),阻力训练(RT),有氧结合抗阻训练(CT),和混合型训练(HYB)。结果测量包括颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT),一氧化氮(NO),增强指数(AIX),脉搏波速度(PWV),和肱动脉的血流介导性扩张(FMD)。使用Cochrane工具评估合格研究的偏倚。采用频率随机效应NMA对运动效应进行排名,用95%置信区间(CI)计算标准化平均差(SMD)。
■对32项研究(n=1,427)的分析表明,CET导致口蹄疫显着增加,INT,RT,和绝经后妇女的HYB。使用CET时PWV的降低显着,INT,RT,CT,HYB。AIx随INT和HYB显著下降。CET,INT,CT显著升高NO水平。然而,未观察到IMT显著降低.SUCRA概率显示INT对增加口蹄疫最有效,CT用于降低PWV,INT用于减少AIX,CT用于降低IMT,和INT增加绝经后妇女的NO。
■这项研究表明,CET,INT,RT,和HYB对绝经后女性FMD有显著的正向影响。此外,在这一人群中,所有五种形式的运动都能显著提高PWV。发现INT和HYB对绝经后妇女的AIx有显著的积极作用,而CET,INT,和CT被发现显著改善NO水平。为了改善绝经后妇女的血管功能,建议优先考虑INT和CT锻炼方式。另一方面,由于CET和RT在本研究中没有排在Sucra值排名的顶部,并且在改善绝经后妇女血管功能的运动干预方面不如INT和CT有效,不建议将CET和RT视为首选运动方式.
UNASSIGNED: As women age, especially after menopause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence rises, posing a significant global health concern. Regular exercise can mitigate CVD risks by improving blood pressure and lipid levels in postmenopausal women. Yet, the optimal exercise modality for enhancing vascular structure and function in this demographic remains uncertain. This study aims to compare five exercise forms to discern the most effective interventions for reducing cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women.
UNASSIGNED: The study searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, EBSCO, and Embase databases. It conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on five exercise interventions: continuous endurance training (CET), interval training (INT), resistance training (RT), aerobic combined with resistance training (CT), and hybrid-type training (HYB). Outcome measures included carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), nitric oxide (NO), augmentation index (AIx), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery. Eligible studies were assessed for bias using the Cochrane tool. A frequentist random-effects NMA was employed to rank exercise effects, calculating standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
UNASSIGNED: The analysis of 32 studies (n = 1,427) indicates significant increases in FMD with CET, INT, RT, and HYB in postmenopausal women. Reductions in PWV were significant with CET, INT, RT, CT, and HYB. AIx decreased significantly with INT and HYB. CET, INT, and CT significantly increased NO levels. However, no significant reduction in IMT was observed. SUCRA probabilities show INT as most effective for increasing FMD, CT for reducing PWV, INT for decreasing AIx, CT for lowering IMT, and INT for increasing NO in postmenopausal women.
UNASSIGNED: The study demonstrates that CET, INT, RT, and HYB have a significant positive impact on FMD in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, all five forms of exercise significantly enhance PWV in this population. INT and HYB were found to have a significant positive effect on AIx in postmenopausal women, while CET, INT, and CT were found to significantly improve NO levels. For improving vascular function in postmenopausal women, it is recommended to prioritize INT and CT exercise modalities. On the other hand, as CET and RT were not ranked at the top of the Sucra value ranking in this study and were less effective than INT and CT as exercise interventions to improve vascular function in postmenopausal women, it is not recommended that CET and RT be considered the preferred exercise modality.