■农作物秸秆,农业生产的主要副产品,对保持土壤健康和保护生态环境至关重要。虽然秸秆掺入被广泛认为是一种可持续的做法,作物残留物的不完全分解对植物生长提出了挑战,增加病虫害的风险。这就需要进行全面的调查。
■当前的研究采用了28天的盆栽实验来模拟稻田土壤中稻草的降解。系统地评估了生物增强和生物刺激对木质纤维素降解的影响。
■结果表明,水稻土对木质纤维素具有较高的降解能力,28天内有超过80%的秸秆减重。木质纤维素分解微生物聚生体的生物强化在初始阶段(0-14天)增强了秸秆的降解。相比之下,用容易获得的养分进行生物刺激会导致土壤酸化,阻碍秸秆降解和减少微生物多样性。此外,pH值是影响木质纤维素降解过程中微生物群落稳定性和功能的关键因素。微生物共生网络分析表明,微生物占据了与不同纤维素成分相关的生态位。值得注意的是,模块M2,包括变形菌,Firmicutes,Gemmatimonadota,放线菌,拟杆菌,粘球菌,Halobacterota,和酸杆菌,与pH和重量损失呈正相关。
■这项研究极大地促进了我们对土壤分解中微生物机制的理解,强调pH值在水稻土群落稳定性和功能中的关键作用。这些发现可以为未来在保护土壤生态系统健康的同时管理稻草的策略提供信息。
UNASSIGNED: Crop straw, a major by-product of agricultural production, is pivotal in maintaining soil health and preserving the ecological environment. While straw incorporation is widely recognized as a sustainable practice, the incomplete decomposition of crop residues poses challenges to plant growth, increasing the risk of pests and diseases. This necessitates a comprehensive investigation.
UNASSIGNED: The current study employs a 28-day pot experiment to simulate the degradation of rice straw in paddy soils. The impacts of
bioaugmentation and biostimulation on lignocellulose degradation are systematically evaluated.
UNASSIGNED: Results indicate a high lignocellulose degradation ability in paddy soil, with over 80% straw weight loss within 28 days.
Bioaugmentation with a lignocellulolytic microbial consortium enhances straw degradation during the initial stage (0-14 days). In contrast, biostimulation with readily available nutrients leads to soil acidification, hindering straw degradation and reducing microbial diversity. Furthermore, pH emerges as a critical factor influencing microbial community stability and function during lignocellulose degradation. Microbial co-occurrence network analysis reveals that microorganisms occupy ecological niches associated with different cellulose components. Notably, Module M2, comprising Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadota, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Myxococcota, Halobacterota, and Acidobacteriota, positively correlates with pH and weight loss.
UNASSIGNED: This study significantly advances our understanding of microbial mechanisms in soil decomposition, emphasizing the pivotal role of pH in community stability and function in paddy soil. These findings can inform future strategies for managing rice straw while safeguarding soil ecosystem health.