空气污染因其有害健康影响而成为全球公共卫生问题。然而,关于无机气态污染物(NO2,CO,和SO2)和颗粒物(PM2.5和PM10)在埃塞俄比亚,特别是哈瓦萨市。因此,这项研究的目的是确定室内和室外的PM2.5,PM10,NO2,CO,和二氧化硫在哈瓦萨市的城市和工业区,埃塞俄比亚,并评估潜在的健康问题。一种便携式气体监测装置(HoldPeakLaserPM米,HP5800D)用于测量PM10和PM2.5的水平。Aeroqual500系列便携式空气质量监测仪(AeroqualLtd.,新西兰)用于测量NO2、CO、和SO2。这项研究的结果表明,PM2.5,PM10和NO2的平均浓度范围分别为8.8至310.7,20.1-515.8和40.0-123.7μg/m3,在旱季。在雨季,PM2.5,PM10,NO2和CO水平的范围分别为17.2-117.4,24.3-167.2,31.8-111.3和77-33312μg/m3。PM2.5,PM10,NO2和CO浓度的变化范围广泛,可能与采样位置和季节变化等时空因素有关。在雨季和旱季,PM2.5和PM10的危险系数(HQ)大于1,表明非致癌作用。PM2.5的终生癌症风险(ELCR)范围为0.1至0.7,高于WHO的推荐值(范围为1×10-5至1×10-6)和USEPA的推荐值(小于1×10-6)。HQ和ELCR值意味着一般人群的健康风险相当大。
Air pollution is a global public health concern due to its harmful health effects. However, there is scarce data on concentrations and sources of inorganic gaseous pollutants (NO2, CO, and SO2) and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Ethiopia, particularly Hawassa City. Thus, the goal of this research is to determine the indoor and outdoor concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO, and SO2 in urban and industrial areas of Hawassa City, Ethiopia, and to evaluate potential health concerns. A portable gas monitor device (HoldPeak Laser PM meter, HP 5800D) was used to measure the levels of PM10 and PM2.5. The Aeroqual Series 500 Portable Air Quality Monitor (Aeroqual Ltd., New Zealand) was used to measure the concentrations of NO2, CO, and SO2. The results of this study showed that the average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 ranged from 8.8 to 310.7, 20.1-515.8, and 40.0-123.7 μg/m3, respectively, during the dry season. In the wet season, the ranges for PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and CO levels were 17.2-117.4, 24.3-167.2, 31.8-111.3, and 77-33312 μg/m3, respectively. The wide range of variations in the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and CO variations may be related to spatial and temporal factors such as sampling locations and seasonal changes. In both the wet and dry seasons, the hazard quotient (HQ) for PM2.5 and PM10 was greater than one, suggesting a non-carcinogenic effect. The PM2.5 excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) ranged from 0.1 to 0.7, which is greater than the recommended values by the WHO (ranging from 1 × 10-5 to 1 × 10-6) and the USEPA (less than 1 × 10-6). The HQ and ELCR values imply a considerable health risk for the general population.