目的:我们在这项工作中的目的是记录睡眠/失眠,水果和蔬菜(FV)消费和体力活动(PA)根据糖尿病的存在和类型和生物性别,因为这3种生活习惯可能会影响血糖控制和糖尿病相关并发症的预防.
方法:邀请18至64岁的成年人完成经过验证的基于网络的自我报告问卷,评估睡眠,失眠,FV消耗和PA。孕妇和轮班工人被排除在研究之外。
结果:共有151名成年人(80.1%为女性),其中54人患有糖尿病(1型[T1D],n=30;类型2[T2D],n=24),完成问卷。睡眠质量评分明显较高,表明睡眠质量较差,根据糖尿病的存在(糖尿病,7.2±3.5;无糖尿病,5.4±3.5;p=0.0024)和类型(T1D,6.1±2.9;T2D,8.7±3.8;p=0.0072)。在患有糖尿病的成年人中,睡眠时间明显较短(糖尿病,7.0±1.7小时/晚,无糖尿病,7.8±1.3小时/夜;p=0.0019),不管类型。更多患有糖尿病的成年人患有中度至重度临床失眠(糖尿病,25.9%;无糖尿病,10.4%;p=0.0129),尤其是那些有T2D(T1D,13.3%;T2D,41.7%;p=0.0182)。根据糖尿病的存在和类型,FV消耗和PA没有显着变化。只有PA的生物性别不同,女性中PA较低。
结论:结果表明,患有糖尿病的成年人,尤其是那些有T2D的,短期睡眠质量差的风险更高,临床失眠。患有糖尿病的成年人,尤其是那些有T2D的,应该获得有效的睡眠干预措施,以防止与血糖水平升高相关的并发症。
OBJECTIVE: Our aim in this work was to document sleep/insomnia, fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption and physical activity (PA) according to diabetes presence and type and biologic sex, as these 3 lifestyle habits may influence glycemic control and prevention of diabetes-related complications.
METHODS: Adults between 18 and 64 years of age were invited to complete validated web-based self-reported questionnaires assessing sleep, insomnia, FV consumption and PA. Pregnant women and shift workers were excluded from the study.
RESULTS: A total of 151 adults (80.1% women), of whom 54 had diabetes (type 1 [T1D], n=30; type 2 [T2D], n=24), completed the questionnaires. Sleep quality scores were significantly higher, indicating poorer sleep quality, according to diabetes presence (diabetes, 7.2±3.5; no diabetes, 5.4±3.5; p=0.0024) and type (T1D, 6.1±2.9; T2D, 8.7±3.8; p=0.0072). Sleep duration was significantly shorter among adults living with diabetes (diabetes, 7.0±1.7 hours/night; no diabetes, 7.8±1.3 hours/night; p=0.0019), regardless of type. More adults living with diabetes had moderate to severe clinical insomnia (diabetes, 25.9%; no diabetes, 10.4%; p=0.0129), especially those with T2D (T1D, 13.3%; T2D, 41.7%; p=0.0182). FV consumption and PA did not vary significantly according to diabetes presence and type. Only PA differed by biologic sex, with lower PA among women.
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that adults living with diabetes, especially those with T2D, are at higher risk for short and poor sleep quality, and clinical insomnia. Adults living with diabetes, especially those with T2D, should have access to effective sleep interventions to prevent complications associated with elevated glucose levels.