■在COVID-19大流行期间,中国实施了3年的零COVID政策,对广泛的急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)产生了显着影响。停止零COVID政策后儿童ARTI病原体的流行病学特征仍不清楚。
■分析了2016-2023年苏州大学儿童医院82,708名ARTI儿童的病因诊断数据,分析了8种病原体(人呼吸道合胞病毒[HRSV],甲型流感[FluA],FluB,人类副流感病毒[HPIV],腺病毒[ADV],人鼻病毒[HRV],博卡病毒[BoV],和肺炎支原体[MP])。苏州市呼吸道感染的变化,将中国在大流行的第一年(2020年,第一阶段)、第二年和第三年(2021-2022年,第二阶段)以及零COVID政策结束后的第一年(2023年,第三阶段)与大流行前的年份(2016-2019年)进行了比较。
■与大流行前的平均水平相比,Ⅰ期病原菌阳性率下降19.27%(OR:0.70;95%CI:0.67-0.74),第二阶段增加32.87%(OR:1.78;95%CI:1.72-1.84),III期增加79.16%(OR:4.58;95%CI:4.37-4.79)。在第一阶段,HRSV的阳性率,FluA,ADV,MP分别下降26.72、58.97、72.85和67.87%,分别,以及FluB的阳性率,HPIV,HRV,BoV分别增长86.84、25、32.37和16.94%,分别。在第三阶段,HRSV的阳性率,FluA,FluB,HPIV,ADV,HRV分别增加39.74、1046.15、118.42、116.57、131.13和146.40%,分别,BoV阳性率下降56.12%。议员在疫情期间受到抑制,在零COVID政策结束后,MP显示延迟爆发。与大流行前的平均水平相比,III期MP阳性率增加116.7%(OR:2.86;95%CI:2.74-2.99),0-1岁儿童的增幅最高。
在COVID-19大流行的早期阶段,严格和大规模地实施零COVID政策是儿童呼吸道病原体感染率急剧下降的主要驱动因素。该政策的终止可能导致病原体感染的死灰复燃或升级。
UNASSIGNED: The implementation of a zero-COVID policy for 3 years in China during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted a broad spectrum of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). The epidemiological characteristics of ARTI pathogens in children following the cessation of the zero-COVID policy remain unclear.
UNASSIGNED: Etiologically diagnostic data from 82,708 children with ARTIs at the Children\'s Hospital of Soochow University during 2016-2023 were analyzed for 8 pathogens (human respiratory syncytial virus [HRSV], influenza A [FluA], FluB, human parainfluenza virus [HPIV], adenovirus [ADV], human rhinovirus [HRV], bocavirus [BoV], and mycoplasma pneumoniae [MP]). The changes in respiratory infections in Suzhou, China during the first year (2020, Phase I) and the second and third years of the pandemic (2021-2022, Phase II) and the first year after the end of zero-COVID policy (2023, Phase III) versus that in the pre-pandemic years (2016-2019) were compared.
UNASSIGNED: When compared with the average pre-pandemic levels, the pathogen-positive rate decreased by 19.27% in Phase I (OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.67-0.74), increased by 32.87% in Phase II (OR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.72-1.84), and increased by 79.16% in Phase III (OR: 4.58; 95% CI: 4.37-4.79). In Phase I, the positive rates of HRSV, FluA, ADV, and MP decreased by 26.72, 58.97, 72.85, and 67.87%, respectively, and the positive rates of FluB, HPIV, HRV, and BoV increased by 86.84, 25, 32.37, and 16.94%, respectively. In Phase III, the positive rates of HRSV, FluA, FluB, HPIV, ADV, and HRV increased by 39.74, 1046.15, 118.42, 116.57, 131.13, and 146.40%, respectively, while the positive rate of BoV decreased by 56.12%. MP was inhibited during the epidemic, and MP showed a delayed outbreak after the ending of the zero-COVID policy. Compared with the average pre-pandemic levels, the MP-positive rate in Phase III increased by 116.7% (OR: 2.86; 95% CI: 2.74-2.99), with the highest increase in 0-1-year-old children.
UNASSIGNED: The strict and large-scale implementation of the zero-COVID policy in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic was the main driving factor for the sharp reduction in the rate of children\'s respiratory pathogenic infections. The termination of this policy can cause a resurgence or escalation of pathogenic infections.