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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. However, studies on the prevalence of respiratory viruses among children with acute respiratory infections in Kunming, China, are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory pathogens among children with acute respiratory infections in Kunming during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from 4956 children with acute respiratory infections at Yunnan Provincial First People\'s Hospital between January 2020 and December 2022, patients with COVID-19 were excluded from the study. Multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect respiratory pathogens.
RESULTS: The frequency of respiratory pathogens among children was significantly lower in 2020 than in 2021 and 2022. The following pathogens had the highest prevalence rates (in descending order) from 2020 to 2022: HRV > RSV > PIV > ADV > MP; HRV > RSV > HADV > PIV > MP and HRV > Mp > HADV > H3N2 > HMPV. The overall frequency of respiratory pathogens exhibited an inverted U-shape with increasing age among the children. Human bocavirus, human parainfluenza virus, and human respiratory syncytial virus were the dominant respiratory viruses in children aged ≤ 3 years, whereas Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the dominant respiratory pathogen in children aged > 3 years. HRV has the highest prevalence and is the main pathogen of mixed infection. The prevalence of the influenza A virus has decreased significantly, whereas HRSV and Mp are found to be seasonal.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings offer an objective evaluation of transmission dynamics and epidemiological shifts in respiratory pathogens during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Kunming, serving as a basis for informed decision-making, prevention, and treatment strategies.
METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from 4956 children with acute respiratory infections at Yunnan Provincial First People\'s Hospital between January 2020 and December 2022, patients with COVID-19 were excluded from the study. Multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect respiratory pathogens.
RESULTS: The frequency of respiratory pathogens among children was significantly lower in 2020 than in 2021 and 2022. The following pathogens had the highest prevalence rates (in descending order) from 2020 to 2022: HRV > RSV > PIV > ADV > MP; HRV > RSV > HADV > PIV > MP and HRV > Mp > HADV > H3N2 > HMPV. The overall frequency of respiratory pathogens exhibited an inverted U-shape with increasing age among the children. Human bocavirus, human parainfluenza virus, and human respiratory syncytial virus were the dominant respiratory viruses in children aged ≤ 3 years, whereas Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the dominant respiratory pathogen in children aged > 3 years. HRV has the highest prevalence and is the main pathogen of mixed infection. The prevalence of the influenza A virus has decreased significantly, whereas HRSV and Mp are found to be seasonal.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings offer an objective evaluation of transmission dynamics and epidemiological shifts in respiratory pathogens during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Kunming, serving as a basis for informed decision-making, prevention, and treatment strategies.
摘要：
背景：急性呼吸道感染是儿童发病和死亡的主要原因。然而,昆明市急性呼吸道感染患儿呼吸道病毒流行情况研究,中国,缺乏。因此,目的调查2019年冠状病毒病流行期间昆明地区急性呼吸道感染患儿呼吸道病原体的流行病学特征.
方法：收集2020年1月至2022年12月云南省第一人民医院4956例急性呼吸道感染患儿的鼻咽拭子样本，排除COVID-19患者。多重逆转录聚合酶链反应用于检测呼吸道病原体。
结果：2020年儿童呼吸道病原体的频率显着低于2021年和2022年。从2020年到2022年，以下病原体的患病率最高（按降序排列）：HRV>RSV>PIV>ADV>MP；HRV>RSV>HADV>PIV>MP和HRV>Mp>HADV>H3N2>HMPV。随着年龄的增长，儿童呼吸道病原体的总体频率呈倒U形。人类博卡病毒,人类副流感病毒，人类呼吸道合胞病毒是≤3岁儿童的主要呼吸道病毒，而肺炎支原体是>3岁儿童的主要呼吸道病原体。HRV的患病率最高，是混合感染的主要病原体。甲型流感病毒的流行率明显下降,而HRSV和Mp被发现是季节性的。
结论：我们的研究结果对昆明2019年冠状病毒病流行期间呼吸道病原体的传播动态和流行病学变化进行了客观评估，作为知情决策的基础，预防,和治疗策略。
方法：收集2020年1月至2022年12月云南省第一人民医院4956例急性呼吸道感染患儿的鼻咽拭子样本，排除COVID-19患者。多重逆转录聚合酶链反应用于检测呼吸道病原体。
结果：2020年儿童呼吸道病原体的频率显着低于2021年和2022年。从2020年到2022年，以下病原体的患病率最高（按降序排列）：HRV>RSV>PIV>ADV>MP；HRV>RSV>HADV>PIV>MP和HRV>Mp>HADV>H3N2>HMPV。随着年龄的增长，儿童呼吸道病原体的总体频率呈倒U形。人类博卡病毒,人类副流感病毒，人类呼吸道合胞病毒是≤3岁儿童的主要呼吸道病毒，而肺炎支原体是>3岁儿童的主要呼吸道病原体。HRV的患病率最高，是混合感染的主要病原体。甲型流感病毒的流行率明显下降,而HRSV和Mp被发现是季节性的。
结论：我们的研究结果对昆明2019年冠状病毒病流行期间呼吸道病原体的传播动态和流行病学变化进行了客观评估，作为知情决策的基础，预防,和治疗策略。
