围产期抑郁症状升高在处境不利的非洲裔美国妇女中更为常见,与白人女性相比,她们产后创伤后压力的可能性几乎是白人女性的四倍。对于新妈妈来说,抑郁症状和创伤后压力会导致负面的育儿,糟糕的母婴关系,婴儿发育迟缓。对于非裔美国女性来说,一种文化适应的基于正念的干预措施作为减少心理行为症状和改善母婴互动的可接受方法提供了巨大的潜力(即,粘合)。此外,至关重要的是,正念干预要考虑新妈妈的时间限制,提供可访问的干预交付,地址育儿,并考虑照顾婴儿的挑战。鉴于这些考虑,我们描述了一项试点研究方案,在该方案中,我们评估了一项文化适应的正念计划:非洲裔美国人产后正念(MAAP).干预基于Kabat-Zinn的基于正念的减压计划,但适应于包括文化相关的灵性概念,相互依赖,自我授权,讲故事,这对非裔美国人的文化很重要。为了满足新妈妈的需要,经过认证的正念干预主义者几乎使用Zoom提供每个会话。该调查使用随机对照设计,其中分娩后12个月内的非裔美国妇女被随机分配到MAAP干预或教育计划中。主要目的是确定MAAP干预减少产妇心理行为症状的程度(感知压力,抑郁症状,焦虑,睡眠不好,创伤后应激,和疲劳),并改善母婴结合。次要目的是探索MAAP对促炎细胞因子和催产素的影响。实际上,文化适应的正念干预措施将使正念对人群更容易获得和有意义,像非洲裔美国新妈妈一样,产后情绪障碍和婴儿结局差的风险较高。
Elevated perinatal depressive symptoms are more common among disadvantaged African American women, and they are almost four times as likely to have postpartum posttraumatic stress compared to white women. For new mothers, depressive symptoms and posttraumatic stress can lead to negative parenting, poor mother-infant bonding, and delayed infant development. For African American women, a culturally adapted mindfulness-based intervention offers great potential as an acceptable approach to reduce psycho-behavioral symptoms and improve mother-infant interactions (i.e., bonding). Additionally, it is critical that mindfulness interventions consider time constraints of new mothers, provide accessible intervention delivery, address parenting, and consider the challenges of caring for an infant. Given these considerations, we describe a pilot research protocol in which we evaluate a culturally adapted mindfulness program: Mindfulness for African Americans Postpartum (MAAP). The intervention is based upon Kabat-Zinn\'s Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction program, but is adapted to include culturally relevant concepts of spirituality, inter-dependence, self-empowerment, and storytelling, which are salient to African American culture. To accommodate the needs of new mothers, a certified mindfulness interventionist delivers each session virtually using Zoom. The investigation uses a randomized controlled design in which African American women within 12 months of giving birth are randomized either to the MAAP intervention or to an Education Program. The primary aim is to determine the extent to which the MAAP intervention decreases maternal psycho-behavioral symptoms (perceived stress, depressive symptoms, anxiety, poor sleep, posttraumatic stress, and fatigue) and improves mother-infant bonding. A secondary aim is to explore the effects of MAAP on proinflammatory cytokines and oxytocin. Culturally adapted mindfulness interventions delivered virtually will make mindfulness more accessible and meaningful to populations, like African American new mothers, who are at higher risk for postpartum mood disorders and poor infant outcomes.