背景:护生面临多重挑战,患焦虑症的概率较高。本研究旨在探讨移情与焦虑之间的关系,研究失眠和自我同情的调解和调节作用,分别。
方法:本研究采用了方便的抽样方法,从中国三所大学招募1,161名护理专业学生(女=923,男=238,Meanage=18.37,SDage=2.38)。这些学生在网上完成了问卷,包括一般焦虑症-7(GAD-7),杰斐逊医师同理心量表(JSPE-NS),青年失眠自评量表-8(YSIS-8),和自我同情量表(SCS)。该研究采用潜在变量结构方程模型来分析移情与焦虑之间的关系和机制。然后,研究了失眠的中介作用和自我同情的调节作用。
结果:当前样本中焦虑和失眠的患病率分别为18.24%和26.76%,分别。结果表明,移情可以负向预测焦虑,失眠在它们之间具有显著的中介作用(B=-0.081,p<0.05,95%CI[-0.197,-0.063])。此外,事实证明,自我同情可以缓解失眠和焦虑之间的正相关关系。有了更高水平的自我同情,共情对失眠焦虑的间接影响较弱(B=-0.053,p<0.01,95%CI[-0.095,-0.019])。当个人表现出较低水平的自我同情时,共情通过失眠对焦虑的间接影响更强(B=-0.144,p<0.01,95%CI[-0.255,-0.059])。
结论:这项研究的分析表明,移情与焦虑呈负相关,失眠是移情和焦虑之间的中介。此外,自我同情对个人心理健康的保护作用被确定。研究结果表明,护理专业学生的教育应突出培养同理心和自我同情的意义。对失眠的干预可能有助于降低焦虑水平,因为失眠是焦虑的危险因素。
BACKGROUND: Nursing students are faced with multiple challenges and have a higher probability of suffering from anxiety. The current study aims to explore the relation between empathy and anxiety, examining the
mediation and moderation effects of insomnia and self-compassion, respectively.
METHODS: This study employed a convenient sampling method, recruiting 1,161 nursing students (female = 923, male = 238, Meanage = 18.37, SDage = 2.38) from three universities in China. These students completed the questionnaires online, including General Anxiety Disorder -7 (GAD-7), Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Nursing student (JSPE-NS), Youth Self-rating Insomnia Scale -8 (YSIS-8), and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). The study employed latent variable structural equation models to analyze the relation and mechanisms between empathy and anxiety. Then, the mediated role of insomnia and the moderated role of self-compassion were examined.
RESULTS: The prevalence rates of anxiety and insomnia in the current sample are 18.24% and 26.76%, respectively. The results showed that empathy could negatively predict anxiety, with a significant mediating effect of insomnia between them (B = -0.081, p < 0.05, 95% CI [-0.197, -0.063]). Additionally, it was proven that self-compassion moderated the positive relation between insomnia and anxiety. With a higher level of self-compassion, the indirect effect of empathy on anxiety through insomnia was weaker (B = -0.053, p < 0.01, 95% CI [-0.095, -0.019]). When individuals showed a lower level of self-compassion, the indirect effect of empathy on anxiety through insomnia was stronger (B = -0.144, p < 0.01, 95% CI [-0.255, -0.059]).
CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of this research proved that empathy was negatively related to anxiety, and insomnia served as a mediator between empathy and anxiety. Besides, the protective role of self-compassion on individuals\' mental health was identified. The findings of the study suggest that the education of nursing students should highlight the significance of fostering empathy and self-compassion. The intervention on insomnia may be helpful in reducing the levels of anxiety since insomnia is a risky factor for anxiety.