交配系统,受社会生态环境和个人属性的影响,是动物社会组织的基本组成部分,影响行为,动物分布,生态系统过程,个体生殖成功,和人口动态。蝙蝠对交配系统的研究特别感兴趣,因为它们被认为在交配系统中表现出比任何其他哺乳动物秩序更大的多样性。从而为提高我们对社会组织的原因和后果的基本理解提供了很好的模型。这里,我们回顾了蝙蝠交配系统的最新知识。我们的分析表明,对蝙蝠交配系统的研究与一般蝙蝠的研究并没有跟上步伐,并且传统类型无法适应几种物种的交配系统。因此,我们提出了一个替代方案,功能框架,用于对蝙蝠的交配系统进行分类,并扩展其他分类单元。我们认为,交配系统可以根据雄性生殖偏斜连续体进行分类,从一夫一妻制到真正的lekking越来越倾斜。我们在连续体中包括了另一个类lek交配系统,以解释以前的跨类别案例,这些案例具有资源防御的外观,但在功能上类似于lek。新框架共有七类:乱交、一夫一妻制,女性防御一夫多妻制,资源防御一夫多妻制,一个像韭菜一样的交配系统,爆炸经典的韭菜,和聚集的古典韭菜。将此框架应用于蝙蝠表明,蝙蝠中的韭菜交配系统比以前认识到的更为普遍。我们的目的是,这篇评论和拟议的框架使人们对蝙蝠交配系统有了更深入的了解,尤其是,并激发了对更广泛地影响动物分类群交配系统的因素的研究。
Mating systems, influenced by the social and ecological environment and individual attributes, are fundamental components of animal social organisation, impacting behaviour, animal distribution, ecosystem processes, individual reproductive success, and population dynamics. Bats are of particular interest for studies of mating systems as they are thought to exhibit a greater diversity in mating systems than any other mammalian order, and thus make great models for improving our fundamental understanding of causes and consequences of social organisation. Here, we review the current knowledge of bat mating systems. Our analyses show that research on bat mating systems has not kept pace with research on bats in general and that traditional typologies do not accommodate the mating system of several species. Therefore, we propose an alternative, functional framework to categorise mating systems of bats and by extension of other taxa. We argue that mating systems can be classified according to a male reproductive skew continuum, with an increasing skew from monogamy to true lekking. We include an additional category of lek-like mating system along the continuum to account for previous trans-categorical cases that have the appearance of resource defence but are functionally akin to a lek. The new framework has a total of seven categories: promiscuity, monogamy, female defence polygyny, resource defence polygyny, a lek-like mating system, exploded classical lek, and clustered classical lek. Applying this framework to bats reveals that lek mating systems are more prevalent in bats than previously recognised. It is our aim that this review and the proposed framework provide a greater understanding of bat mating systems particularly and provoke research into the factors that shape mating systems across animal taxa more generally.