植物特异性短内节/体形(SHI/STY)蛋白属于一个参与早期侧根形成和发育的转录因子家族。然而,这个家族的分子进化很少报道。这里,在21种陆生植物中共鉴定出195个SHI/STY基因,芸苔属物种是我们研究的重点。它们的物理化学性质,染色体定位和复制,主题分布,外显子-内含子结构,遗传进化,和表达模式进行了系统分析。根据系统发育分析将这些基因分为四个进化枝(进化枝1/2/3/4)。每个进化枝的基序分布和基因结构相似。通过预测亚细胞定位,SHI/STY蛋白定位于细胞核中。共线性分析表明,SHI/STY在进化中相对保守。全基因组复制是其扩增的主要因素。SHI/STYs经历了强烈的净化选择,但也确定了几个阳性选择位点。SHI/STY基因的大多数启动子含有不同类型的顺式元件,如光,压力,和激素反应性元素,表明它们可能参与许多生物过程。蛋白质相互作用预测了一些重要的SHI/STY相互作用蛋白,例如LPAT4,MBOAT,PPR,和UBQ3。此外,对油菜的RNA-seq和qRT-PCR分析进行了详细研究。因此,SHI/STYs在根和芽中高表达,并可能受到菌核病的影响,干旱,冷,和热应力。此外,定量实时PCR(qRT-PCR)分析表明,BnSHI/STYs的表达水平在不同处理中显着改变(冷,盐,干旱,IAA,生长素;ABA,脱落酸;6-BA,细胞分裂素)。它为陆地植物中SHI/STY家族的进化和扩展提供了新的认识,并为进一步研究其功能奠定了基础。
The plant-specific SHORT INTERNODES/STYLISH (SHI/STY) proteins belong to a family of transcription factors that are involved in the formation and development of early lateral roots. However, the molecular evolution of this family is rarely reported. Here, a total of 195 SHI/STY genes were identified in 21 terrestrial plants, and the Brassica species is the focus of our research. Their physicochemical properties, chromosome location and duplication, motif distribution, exon-intron structures, genetic evolution, and expression patterns were systematically analyzed. These genes are divided into four clades (Clade 1/2/3/4) based on phylogenetic analysis. Motif distribution and gene structure are similar in each clade. SHI/STY proteins are localized in the nucleus by the prediction of subcellular localization. Collinearity analysis indicates that the SHI/STYs are relatively conserved in evolution. Whole-genome duplication is the main factor for their expansion. SHI/STYs have undergone intense purifying selection, but several positive selection sites are also identified. Most promoters of SHI/STY genes contain different types of cis-elements, such as light, stress, and hormone-responsive elements, suggesting that they may be involved in many biological processes. Protein-protein interaction predicted some important SHI/STY interacting proteins, such as LPAT4, MBOATs, PPR, and UBQ3. In addition, the RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis were studied in detail in rape. As a result, SHI/STYs are highly expressed in root and bud, and can be affected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, drought, cold, and heat stresses. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses indicates that expression levels of BnSHI/STYs are significantly altered in different treatments (cold, salt, drought, IAA, auxin; ABA, abscisic acid; 6-BA, cytokinin). It provides a new understanding of the evolution and expansion of the SHI/STY family in land plants and lays a foundation for further research on their functions.