PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
DNA demethylation is a very important biochemical pathway regulating a group of biological processes, such as embryo development, fruit ripening, and response to stress. Despite the essential role of DNA demethylases, their evolutionary relationship and detailed biological functions in different land plants remain unclear. In this study, 48 DNA demethylases in 12 land plants were identified and classified. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to demonstrate the evolutionary relationships among these DNA demethylases, indicating how they are related across different species. Conserved domain, protein motif, and gene structure analysis showed that these 48 DNA demethylases fell into the presently identified four classes of DNA demethylases. Amino acid alignment revealed conserved catalytic sites and a previously less-studied protein region (referred to as domain A) within the DNA demethylases. An analysis showed a conserved pattern of gene duplication for DNA demethylases throughout their evolutionary history, suggesting that these genes had been maintained due to their importance. The examination of promoter cis-elements displayed potential signaling and regulating pathways of DNA demethylases. Furthermore, the expression profile was analyzed to investigate the physiological role of rice DNA demethylase in different developmental stages, in tissues, and in response to stress and various phytohormone signals. The findings offer a deeper insight into the functional regions of DNA demethylases and their evolutionary relationships, which can guide future research directions. Understanding the role of DNA demethylases can lead to improved plant stress resistance and contribute to the development of better crop and fruit varieties.
摘要：
DNA去甲基化是调节一组生物过程的重要生化途径,如胚胎发育，果实成熟,和对压力的反应。尽管DNA去甲基酶的重要作用,它们在不同陆地植物中的进化关系和详细的生物学功能尚不清楚。在这项研究中,对12种陆地植物中的48种DNA去甲基酶进行了鉴定和分类。构建了一个系统发育树，以证明这些DNA去甲基化酶之间的进化关系，表明它们在不同物种之间的关系。保守域,蛋白质基序，和基因结构分析表明，这48种DNA脱甲基酶属于目前鉴定的四类DNA脱甲基酶。氨基酸比对揭示了DNA去甲基酶中保守的催化位点和先前研究较少的蛋白质区域（称为结构域A）。一项分析表明，在整个进化历史中，DNA去甲基酶的基因复制模式是保守的，表明这些基因由于其重要性而得以维持。启动子顺式元件的检查显示了DNA去甲基酶的潜在信号传导和调节途径。此外，分析了水稻DNA脱甲基酶在不同发育阶段的生理作用,在组织中，以及对压力和各种植物激素信号的反应。这些发现为DNA去甲基酶的功能区域及其进化关系提供了更深入的见解，可以指导未来的研究方向。了解DNA去甲基化酶的作用可以提高植物的抗逆性，并有助于开发更好的作物和水果品种。
