■植物为生长分配资源,防御,和抗压力,和资源可用性会影响这些分配之间的平衡。众所周知,分配模式因物种而异,但什么控制了可能的特定内部权衡,以及如果增长与增长的变化防御可能会随着对资源可用性的适应而演变。
■我们在橡胶树(巴西橡胶树)的种源试验中测量了来自亚马逊盆地的克隆的生长和防御。测试关于增长分配与增长分配的假设防御,我们将生物量生长和乳胶生产与木材和叶片性状联系起来,从原产地的气候和土壤变量,和橡胶树克隆的遗传相关性。
■与预期相反,增长和国防之间没有权衡,但乳胶产量与生物量增长呈正相关,两者都随着树的大小而增加。缺乏权衡可能归因于种植园的高资源可用性,允许树木为生长和防御分配资源。生长与叶片性状弱相关,例如单位面积的叶片质量,内在用水效率,和叶片氮含量,但是增长的相对投资与防御与特定性状或环境变量无关。木材和叶片性状显示出与产地的降雨和土壤变量的相关性。这些性状表现出强烈的系统发育信号,强调遗传因素在性状变异和适应中的作用。这项研究提供了对资源分配之间相互作用的见解,环境适应,和树木的遗传因素。然而,在商业上最重要的树种之一中,乳胶生产高度变化的潜在驱动因素仍然无法解释。
UNASSIGNED: Plants allocate resources to growth, defense, and stress resistance, and resource availability can affect the balance between these allocations. Allocation patterns are well-known to differ among species, but what controls possible intra-specific trade-offs and if variation in growth vs. defense potentially evolves in adaptation to resource availability.
UNASSIGNED: We measured growth and defense in a provenance trial of rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) with clones originating from the Amazon basin. To test hypotheses on the allocation to growth vs. defense, we relate biomass growth and latex production to wood and leaf traits, to climate and soil variables from the location of origin, and to the genetic relatedness of the Hevea clones.
UNASSIGNED: Contrary to expectations, there was no trade-off between growth and defense, but latex yield and biomass growth were positively correlated, and both increased with tree size. The absence of a trade-off may be attributed to the high resource availability in a plantation, allowing trees to allocate resources to both growth and defense. Growth was weakly correlated with leaf traits, such as leaf mass per area, intrinsic water use efficiency, and leaf nitrogen content, but the relative investment in growth vs. defense was not associated with specific traits or environmental variables. Wood and leaf traits showed clinal correlations to the rainfall and soil variables of the places of origin. These traits exhibited strong phylogenetic signals, highlighting the role of genetic factors in trait variation and adaptation. The study provides insights into the interplay between resource allocation, environmental adaptations, and genetic factors in trees. However, the underlying drivers for the high variation of latex production in one of the commercially most important tree species remains unexplained.