PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
As plant distribution and performance are determined by both environmental and genetic factors, clarifying the contribution of these two factors is a key for understanding plant adaptation and predicting their distribution under ongoing global warming. Betula ermanii is an ideal species for such research because of its wide distribution across diverse environments. Stomatal density and size are crucial traits that plants undergo changes in to adapt to different environments as these traits directly influence plant photosynthesis and transpiration. In this study, we conducted a multi-location common garden experiment using B. ermanii to (1) clarify the contribution of both environmental and genetic factors to the variation in stomatal density and size of B. ermanii, (2) demonstrate the differences in the plasticity of stomatal density and size among B. ermanii populations, and (3) understand how stomatal density and size of B. ermanii would respond to increased temperature and changing precipitation patterns. Genetic factors played a more significant role in stomatal size than environmental factors, suggesting that B. ermanii struggles to adjust its stomatal size in response to a changing environment. Our results also revealed a positive correlation between stomatal size plasticity and original habitat suitability, indicating that in B. ermanii populations in harsh environments exhibit lower adaptability to environmental shifts. Although stomatal density and size of B. ermanii showed the significant responses to increased temperature and shifting precipitation patterns, the response ranges of stomatal density and size to the environmental factors varied among populations. Our findings highlighted the interplay between genetic and environmental factors in determining the intraspecific variation in stomatal density and size in B. ermanii. This indicated that certain populations of B. ermanii exhibit limited stomatal plasticity and adaptability, which could directly affect photosynthesis and transpiration, suggesting potential population-specific fitness implications for B. ermanii under future climate change.
摘要：
由于植物的分布和性能是由环境和遗传因素决定的，澄清这两个因素的贡献是理解植物适应和预测其在持续全球变暖下的分布的关键。Betulaermanii是此类研究的理想物种，因为它在各种环境中广泛分布。气孔密度和大小是植物适应不同环境的关键性状，因为这些性状直接影响植物的光合作用和蒸腾作用。在这项研究中,我们使用B.ermanii进行了多位置普通花园实验，以（1）阐明环境和遗传因素对B.ermanii气孔密度和大小变化的贡献，（2）证明了B.ermanii种群之间气孔密度和大小的可塑性差异，（3）了解B.ermanii的气孔密度和大小对温度升高和降水模式变化的响应。与环境因素相比,遗传因素对气孔大小的影响更为显著,这表明B.ermanii努力调整其气孔大小以适应不断变化的环境。我们的结果还揭示了气孔大小可塑性和原始栖息地适宜性之间的正相关。表明在恶劣环境中的B.ermanii种群对环境变化的适应性较低。尽管B.ermanii的气孔密度和大小显示了对温度升高和降水模式变化的显着响应，气孔密度和大小对环境因素的响应范围因种群而异。我们的发现强调了遗传和环境因素在确定B.ermanii气孔密度和大小的种内变异方面的相互作用。这表明B.ermanii的某些种群表现出有限的气孔可塑性和适应性，直接影响光合作用和蒸腾作用,表明在未来的气候变化下，B.ermanii潜在的特定人群适应性影响。
