This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of interventional embolization in cirrhotic patients with refractory hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with large spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was employed to minimize potential bias. A total of 123 patients were included in this study (34 in the embolization group and 89 in the control group). In the unadjusted cohort, the embolization group demonstrated significantly better liver function, a larger total area of SPSS, and a higher percentage of patients with serum ammonia levels > 60 µmol/L and the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (all P < 0.05). In the IPTW cohort, baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Patients in the embolization group exhibited significantly longer HE-free survival compared to the control group in both the unadjusted and IPTW cohorts (both P < 0.05). Subsequent subgroup analyses indicated that patients with serum ammonia level > 60 μmol/L, hepatopetal flow within the portal trunk, the presence of solitary SPSS, a baseline HE grade of II, and the absence of HCC at baseline showed statistically significant benefit from embolization treatment (all P < 0.05). No early procedural complications were observed in the embolization group. The incidence of long-term postoperative complications was comparable to that in the control group (all P > 0.05). Hence, interventional embolization appears to be a safe and effective treatment modality for cirrhotic patients with refractory HE associated with large SPSS. However, the benefits of embolization were discernible only in a specific subset of patients.

BACKGROUND: Vascular malformations (VMs) arise as a result of errors in the process of angiogenesis and are usually present at birth, but may not become apparent until after birth. However, giant VMs of the head and face are uncommon, with few reported cases, and the prognosis for their surgical intervention is unclear.
METHODS: A 12-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital with findings of an enlarged right temporal scalp. After admission, computed tomography (CT) angiography of cerebral ateries showed a right occlusal gap and a right temporal artery venous malformation. Furthermore, cerebral angiography showed a right temporal lobe VM with multiple vessels supplying blood. The patient underwent surgery to remove the malformed vessels and the eroded skull. Two hours after the surgery, the patient\'s right pupil was dilated, and an urgent CT scan of the skull showed a right subdural haematoma under the incision, which was urgently removed by a second operation. After surgery, we gave continuous antibiotic anti-infection treatment, and the patient recovered well and was discharged two weeks later.
CONCLUSIONS: Surgical removal of giant haemangiomas is risky and adequate preoperative (including interventional embolisation) and intraoperative preparations should be made.

UNASSIGNED: To analyzes the changes in serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), neuroenolase (NSE), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and prognostic factors in patients with intracranial aneurysm (IA) undergoing interventional embolization at different treatment times.
UNASSIGNED: A retrospective analysis was made of 200 IA patients admitted to our department from January 2018 to June 2021 was performed. All patients underwent interventional embolization. According to the timing of surgery, the patients were divided into an early group (n=120, onset to surgery ≤72 h) and a delayed group (n=80, onset to surgery >72 h). The effect of embolization, complications and neurological deficit scale (NDS) scores were compared between the two groups. Serum MMP-9, NSE and MPO levels were compared before and after surgery, and the prognosis of all patients within 2 years after surgery was assessed by the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) and divided accordingly into the good prognosis group (n=147) and the poor prognosis group (n=53) accordingly, and the prognostic factors influencing the patients were analyzed univariately and multifactorially.
UNASSIGNED: Cilj je bio da se analiziraju promene u serumskim nivoima matriks metaloproteinaze-9 (MMP-9), neuroenolaze (NSE), mijeloperoksidaze (MPO) i prognostičkih faktora kod pacijenata sa intrakranijalnom aneurizmom (IA) koji su podvrgnuti interventnoj embolizaciji u različitim vremenima lečenja.
UNASSIGNED: Urađena je retrospektivna analiza 200 pacijenata sa IA koji su primljeni na naše odeljenje od januara 2018. do juna 2021. godine. Svi pacijenti su podvrgnuti interventnoj embolizaciji. Prema vremenu operacije, pacijenti su podeljeni u ranu grupu (n=120, početak operacije ≤72 h) i odloženu grupu (n=80, početak operacije >72 h). Efekat embolizacije, komplikacije i rezultati skale neurološkog deficita (NDS) su upoređeni između dve grupe. Nivoi MMP-9, NSE i MPO u serumu su upoređeni pre i posle operacije, a prognoza svih pacijenata u roku od 2 godine nakon operacije procenjena je Glasgov skalom ishoda (GOS) i prema tome podeljena u grupu sa dobrom prognozom (n=147) i grupa sa lošom prognozom (n=53) shodno tome, a prognostički faktori koji utiču na pacijente analizirani su univarijantno i multifaktorski.
UNASSIGNED: Nakon operacije, stopa potpune embolije bila je veća u ranoj grupi nego u odloženoj grupi (P<0,05). Nakon operacije, nije bilo statističke značajnosti u poređenju pojedinačnih stopa komplikacija u obe grupe (P>0,05). U 3d, 1 mesec i 6 meseci nakon operacije, rezultati NDS pacijenata u obe grupe su bili niži od onih pre operacije, a poređenje NDS rezultata pacijenata u obe grupe u različitim vremenskim tačkama je bilo statistički značajno ( P<0,05). Posle operacije, nivoi MMP-9, NSE i MPO u serumu su bili niži u obe grupe nego pre operacije, a bili su niži u ranoj grupi nego u odloženoj grupi (P<0,05). Rezultati GOS-a su pokazali da je u roku od 2 godine nakon operacije bilo 97 i 23 slučaja sa dobrom i lošom prognozom u ranoj grupi i 54 i 26 slučajeva sa dobrom i lošom prognozom u odloženoj grupi, respektivno, a stopa dobre prognoze u ranoj grupi grupa je bila veća od one u odloženoj grupi (P<0,05). Multifaktorska analiza je pokazala da su odložena operacija, aneurizma u zadnjoj cirkulaciji, širina vrata aneurizme >4,5 mm, stepen III-IV po Fisheru, stepen III-IV Hunt-Hess i hipertenzija nezavisni faktori rizika za lošu prognozu nakon interventne embolizacije IA (P <0,05).
UNASSIGNED: Rana interventna embolizacija kod pacijenata sa IA može poboljšati njihovu potpunu stopu embolizacije i smanjiti nivoe MMP-9, NSE i MPO u serumu; odložena operacija, aneurizma u zadnjoj cirkulaciji, širina vrata aneurizme >4,5 mm, Fisher stepen III-IV, Hunt-Hess stepen III-IV i hipertenzija su snažno povezani sa lošom prognozom nakon interventne embolizacije kod pacijenata sa IA.

UNASSIGNED: This study explores the clinical application value of medical adhesive in endovascular embolization treatment of peripheral pseudoaneurysm.
UNASSIGNED: This was a retrospective review on 31 patients with peripheral pseudoaneurysm treated with medical adhesive endovascular embolization at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University from July 2021 to July 2023. Follow-up for 3-6 months was to observe the clinical efficacy and postoperative complications of medical adhesive embolization treatment.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 32 pseudoaneurysms were embolized in 31 patients with peripheral pseudoaneurysms. All pseudoaneurysms originated from visceral arteries. Among them, 29 pseudoaneurysms were embolized with medical adhesive alone, and three pseudoaneurysms were embolized with coil-assisted medical adhesive. After endovascular embolization with medical adhesive, all pseudoaneurysms were successfully embolized. Technical success was 100%. All patients experienced cessation of bleeding after endovascular embolization with medical adhesive, and there were no serious post-operative complications. Clinical success was 100%. During the follow-up period, two patients experienced recurrent bleeding but no pseudoaneurysm recurrence was observed.
UNASSIGNED: Endovascular medical adhesive embolization is a safe and effective method for treating pseudoaneurysm, with high hemostatic efficiency and permanent occlusion of the pseudoaneurysm after embolization, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

UNASSIGNED: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of interventional embolization in the treatment of anterior circulation aneurysms.
UNASSIGNED: Eighty patients with anterior circulation aneurysms admitted to People\'s Hospital of Leshan from June 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different surgical methods, they were divided into two groups: the observation group and the control group. Patients in the observation group were given interventional embolization, while those in the control group were given craniotomy clipping. The surgical efficacy, postoperative neurological function and quality of life, surgical prognosis and surgical complications of the two groups were compared.
UNASSIGNED: The intraoperative blood loss and hospitalization time in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (p<0.05). The scores of the Hunt-Hess and modified Rankin scale in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group three months after surgery (p<0.05). The good prognosis rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the complication rate of the observation group was 12.50%, which was significantly lower than 32.50% in the control group (p<0.05).
UNASSIGNED: Interventional embolization shows the advantages of minimally invasive procedures such as shorter operative times and shorter hospital stays. It has better clinical safety because it can significantly improve the neurological function and quality of life of patients, improve the prognosis of patients, and reduce the incidence of complications.

UNASSIGNED: To investigate the effect of nursing intervention on patients with intracranial aneurysm subarachnoid hemorrhage who underwent interventional embolization.
UNASSIGNED: According to the random number table method, 80 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by intracranial aneurysm who received interventional embolization in our hospital from September 2018 to May 2021 were randomly divided into a control group of 40 cases and an observation group of 40 cases. 40 cases, the two groups were implemented routine nursing and humanized nursing.
UNASSIGNED: Compared with before nursing, the anxiety score, depression score, compliance rate, complication rate and PSQI score of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group after nursing (P < 0.05); Karnofsky Performance Status Scale score, Activity of daily living scale of the observation group and quality of life scores were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05).
UNASSIGNED: Humanized nursing can effectively improve the psychological state of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by intracranial aneurysm during the perioperative period of interventional embolization, enhance their compliance with treatment, reduce complications, and make patients more satisfied with nursing services.

UNASSIGNED: Interventional embolization is a common treatment for hemoptysis, one of the complications of lung cancer. However, there are no official guidelines for the use of this method in antitumor therapy.
UNASSIGNED: Herein, we describe a case of a patient who was pathologically diagnosed as central squamous cell lung cancer. The patient received chemotherapy, interventional embolization and radiotherapy successively. The tumor regressed rapidly within 48 hours of receipt of interventional embolization. Furthermore, the tumor decreased by more than 50% in size within 7 days during radiotherapy. Unfortunately, the patient has since developed lymph node metastases and remains under treatment.
UNASSIGNED: Thus, finding the suitable blood vessel embolized may be a suitable option to reduce the local tumor load and can be considered as antitumor therapy in combination with other treatments. The patient\'s theoretical hypoxia state after interventional therapy still produced a good tumor regression after radiotherapy. However, so far, no related studies have reported the changes of tumor immune microenvironment in human body after intervention and radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided transluminal drainage is an advanced technique used to treat pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs). However, gastric varices and intervening vessels may be associated with a high risk of bleeding and are, therefore, listed as relative contraindications. Herein, we report two patients who underwent interventional embolization before EUS-guided drainage.
METHODS: Two 32-year-old males developed symptomatic PFCs after acute pancreatitis and came to our hospital for further treatment. One patient suffered from intermittent abdominal pain and vomiting, and computed tomography (CT) imaging showed an encapsulated cyst 7.93 cm × 6.13 cm in size. The other patient complained of a mass inside the abdomen, which gradually became enlarged. Gastric varices around the ideal puncture site were detected by EUS when we evaluated the possibility of endoscopic drainage in both patients. Interventional embolization was recommended as the first procedure to decrease the risk of bleeding. After that, EUS-guided transluminal drainage was successfully conducted, without vascular rupture. No postoperative complications occurred during hospitalization, and no recurrence was detected at the last follow-up CT scan performed at 1 mo.
CONCLUSIONS: Interventional embolization is a safe, preoperative procedure that is performed before EUS-guided drainage in PFC patients with gastric varices or at high risk of bleeding.

Background: Bilateral chronic subdural hematoma (bCSDH) is a frequent condition commonly linked to the need for retreatment; however, the reason for this high retreatment rate remains unclear. The middle meningeal artery (MMA) was found to have a relationship with the occurrence and development of chronic subdural hematomas. This study examines a possible method to reduce bCSDH recurrence using bilateral MMA embolization combined with bilateral burr-hole drainage. Materials and Methods: Ten patients with bCSDH who underwent bilateral MMA embolization combined with bilateral burr-hole drainage at our hospital between June 2018 and May 2020, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients\' clinical information, prognoses, imaging results, as well as surgical results were documented and analyzed. Results: Ten patients were diagnosed with bCSDH with no comorbid brain diseases. They underwent bilateral MMA embolization combined with bilateral burr-hole drainage. We embolized the MMA immediately before burr hole drainage successfully and employed angiography to validate these results. All the patients attained relief of symptoms without adverse events, and no re-expansion or relapse was reported in the follow-up computed tomography. Conclusion: Bilateral MMA embolization combined with bilateral burr-hole drainage is an available treatment for patients with bCSDH and may have the potential for preventing recurrence.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of risk management combined with intraoperative precision care on the efficacy and safety of interventional embolization therapy for elderly patients with cerebral aneurysms.
METHODS: In this prospective randomized controlled study, we included 60 elderly patients with cerebral aneurysm treated with interventional embolization. The patients were randomly divided into an experiment group (n=30) and a control group (n=30). The control group received conventional care during the interventional procedure, while the experiment group received risk management combined with precision care. The outcome of the procedure, time to disappearance of clinical symptoms, length of hospitalization, incidence of complications, neurological function and quality of life before and 3 months after the procedure in both groups were assessed and compared.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the experiment group had significantly less intraoperative bleeding, shorter operative time (all P<0.001), shorter time to disappearance of clinical symptoms and shorter hospitalization (all P<0.001), and a lower rate of surgical complications (P<0.05). Three months after the operation, the experiment group had better neurological function and quality of life, with significantly lower mRs scores (modified Rankin scale), NIHSS (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale) and higher SF-36 scores (MOS item short from health survey) than those of the control group (both P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Risk management combined with precision care can effectively improve the surgical safety of interventional embolization in elderly patients with cerebral aneurysm, reduce the incidence of surgical complications, and thus improve the prognosis.