目的描述先天性外耳畸形(CMEE)的流行病学。数据来自湖南省出生缺陷监测系统,中国,2016年至2020年。CMEE的患病率定义为每1000个胎儿的病例数(妊娠28周及以后的出生和死亡)(单位:‰)。通过对数二项法计算患病率和95%置信区间(CI)。卡方趋势检验(χ2趋势)用于确定年患病率趋势。P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。计算粗比值比(ORs)以检查性别的关联,residence,以及患有CMEE的产妇年龄。我们的研究包括847,755个胎儿,并确定了14459个出生缺陷,包括1227个CMEE(占出生缺陷的8.49%)。出生缺陷和CMEE的患病率分别为17.06‰(95CI:16.78-17.33)和1.45‰(95CI:1.37-1.53),分别。共鉴定出185种小生牛油,占CMEE的15.08%,患病率为0.22‰(95CI:0.19-0.25)。并确定了1042个其他CMEE,占CMEE的84.92%。2016-2020年出生缺陷患病率为18.20‰,18.00‰,16.31‰,16.03‰,16.47‰,分别,呈下降趋势(χ2趋势=8.45,P<.01);CMEE的患病率为1.19‰,1.62‰,1.80‰,1.21‰,和1.35‰,分别,无明显趋势(χ2趋势=0.09,P=0.77)。CMEE在男性比女性更常见(1.60‰比1.27‰,OR=1.26,95CI:1.12-1.41),城市地区比农村地区(1.77‰和1.23‰,OR=1.45,95CI:1.29-1.62)。<20岁、20~24岁、25~29岁、30~34岁、≥35岁的CMEE患病率为1.75‰,1.27‰,1.44‰,1.47‰,和1.58‰,分别,无显著性差异(P>.05,参考文献:25-29)。大多数CMEEs是通过临床检查诊断的(92.34%),大多数CMEEs被诊断为产后(7天内)(96.25%)。总之,我们介绍了湖南省CMEEs的流行病学,中国。CMEE在男性比女性更常见,城市地区比农村地区,而不同年龄的CMEEs患病率无显著差异。我们推断CMEEs可能主要与遗传学有关,该机制需要在未来进行审查。
To describe the epidemiology of congenital malformations of the external ear (CMEE). Data were obtained from the Birth Defects Surveillance System in Hunan Province, China, 2016 to 2020. The prevalence of CMEEs is defined as the number of cases per 1000 fetuses (births and deaths at 28 weeks of gestation and beyond) (unit: ‰). Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by the log-binomial method. Chi-square trend tests (χ2trend) were used to determine trends in prevalence by year. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to examine the association of sex, residence, and maternal age with CMEEs. Our study included 847,755 fetuses, and 14,459 birth defects were identified, including 1227 CMEEs (accounted for 8.49% of birth defects). The prevalences of birth defects and CMEEs were 17.06‰ (95%CI: 16.78-17.33) and 1.45‰ (95%CI: 1.37-1.53), respectively. A total of 185 microtia-anotias were identified, accounting for 15.08% of CMEEs, with a prevalence of 0.22‰ (95%CI: 0.19-0.25). And 1042 other CMEEs were identified, accounting for 84.92% of CMEEs. From 2016 to 2020, the prevalences of birth defects were 18.20‰, 18.00‰, 16.31‰, 16.03‰, and 16.47‰, respectively, showing a downward trend (χ2trend =8.45, P < .01); the prevalences of CMEEs were 1.19‰, 1.62‰, 1.80‰, 1.21‰, and 1.35‰, respectively, with no significant trend (χ2trend =0.09, P = .77). CMEEs were more common in males than females (1.60‰ vs 1.27‰, OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.12-1.41), in urban areas than in rural areas (1.77‰ vs 1.23‰, OR = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.29-1.62). The prevalences of CMEEs for maternal age < 20, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, and ≥ 35 were 1.75‰, 1.27‰, 1.44‰, 1.47‰, and 1.58‰, respectively, with no significant difference (P > .05, reference: 25-29). Most CMEEs were diagnosed by clinical examinations (92.34%), and most CMEEs were diagnosed postpartum (within 7 days) (96.25%). In summary, we have presented the epidemiology of CMEEs in Hunan Province, China. CMEEs were more common in males than females, in urban areas than rural areas, whereas there was no significant difference in prevalence of CMEEs by maternal age. We inferred that CMEEs may be mainly related to genetics, and the mechanism needs to be examined in the future.