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Abstract：
The main objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and characteristics of electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with microtia, and to explore cardiac maldevelopment associated with microtia. This retrospective study analyzed a large cohort of microtia patients admitted to Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, from September 2017 to August 2022. The routine electrocardiographic reports of these patients were reviewed to assess the incidence and characteristics of abnormalities. The study included a total of 10,151 patients (5598 in the microtia group and 4553 in the control group) who were admitted to the Plastic Surgery Hospital of Peking Union Medical College. The microtia group had a significantly higher incidence of abnormal electrocardiographies compared to the control group (18.3% vs. 13.6%, P < 0.01), even when excluding sinus irregularity (6.1% vs. 4.4%, P < 0.01). Among the 1025 cases of abnormal electrocardiographies in the microtia group, 686 cases were reported with simple sinus irregularity. After excluding sinus irregularity as abnormal, the most prevalent abnormalities was right bundle branch block (37.5%), followed by sinus bradycardia (17.4%), ST-T wave abnormalities (13.3%), atrial rhythm (9.1%), sinus tachycardia (8.3%), and ventricular high voltage (4.7%). Less common ECG abnormalities included atrial tachycardia (2.1%), ventricular premature contraction (2.4%), and ectopic atrial rhythm (1.8%). atrioventricular block and junctional rhythm were present in 1.2% and 0.9% of the cases, respectively. Wolff Parkinson White syndrome and dextrocardia had a lower prevalence, at 0.6% and 0.9%, respectively. The occurrence of electrocardiographic abnormalities in microtia patients was found to be higher compared to the control group. These findings highlight the potential congenital defect in cardiac electrophysiology beyond the presence of congenital heart defect that coincide with microtia.
摘要：
本研究的主要目的是探讨小视症患者心电图异常的发生率和特点,并探讨与小耳畸形相关的心脏发育不良。这项回顾性研究分析了整形外科医院收治的大量小骨症患者，中国医学科学院北京协和医学院，从2017年9月到2022年8月。回顾了这些患者的常规心电图报告，以评估异常的发生率和特征。该研究共纳入了北京协和医学院整形外科医院收治的10,151例患者（小骨症组5598例，对照组4553例）。与对照组相比，小耳畸形组的异常心电图发生率明显更高（18.3％vs.13.6%,P<0.01),即使不包括鼻窦不规则(6.1%vs.4.4%,P<0.01)。在小骨症组的1025例异常心电图中，报告单纯性窦性不规则686例。排除窦性不规则为异常后,最常见的异常是右束支传导阻滞（37.5％），其次是窦性心动过缓（17.4%），ST-T波异常(13.3%),心房节律（9.1%），窦性心动过速(8.3%),和心室高电压（4.7％）。不太常见的心电图异常包括房性心动过速（2.1％），室性早搏（2.4%），和异位心房节律(1.8%)。1.2%和0.9%的病例存在房室传导阻滞和交界性心律，分别。WolffParkinsonWhite综合征和右位心的患病率较低，0.6%和0.9%，分别。发现与对照组相比，小耳畸形患者的心电图异常发生率更高。这些发现突出了心脏电生理学中潜在的先天性缺陷，除了存在与小耳畸形相符的先天性心脏缺陷。
