关于饲料添加剂在缓解小母鸡向产蛋阶段过渡中的作用的研究有限。我们研究了补充杆菌肽亚甲基二磺酸盐(BMD)和选择饲料添加剂(肉豆蔻酸[MA],苯甲酸[BA],和黑曲霉益生菌[PRO])在从产程开始到31周龄(woa)的饲喂计划中。测量的参数包括鸡日产蛋量(HDEP),采食量(FI),饲料转化率(FCR),鸡蛋品质特征,Ceca微生物活性,组件的表观保留,和血浆代谢产物.总共在18个woa处采购了1,200个LohmannLSLLite小母鸡,并根据体重(BW)将其置于富集的笼子中(30只鸟/笼子),并分配给五种饮食。饮食是根据规格配制的基础饮食或与BMD混合的基础饮食,MA,BA,或PRO。在整个实验过程中,鸟类可以自由获取饲料和水。在18到20岁之间,饲喂BMD的鸟类摄入与BA鸟类相似(P>0.05)的饲料量,但更多(P=0.0003)比喂基础的鸟,MA,或PRO饮食。与饲喂21至31个woa之间的任何饲料添加剂的鸟类相比,基础鸟类的HDEP较低(P=0.001)和蛋较轻(P<0.0001)。基础母鸡的大肠杆菌丰度高于饲喂BMD的鸟类(P=0.009),BA,和PRO饮食。因此,BMD,BA,与饲喂基础饮食的母鸡相比,PRO禽类具有更高的乳杆菌:大肠杆菌比率(LER)(P=0.011)。具体来说,相对于基础喂养的母鸡,BMD的LER,MA,BA,PRO母鸡高出37%,21%,26%,45%,分别。此外,饲喂PRO的鸟类倾向于具有较高浓度的盲肠消化物乙酸(P=0.072)和较低浓度的异丁酸(P=0.096)。总之,用广谱抗生素或饲料添加剂(MA,BA,和PRO)对FI产生了积极影响,产蛋与肠道健康指数的调节有关。结果表明,在开始产卵时,在小鸡的饲喂计划中补充饲料添加剂可以提高生产力。
There are limited investigations on the role of feed additives in easing transition of pullets to egg production phase. We investigated the effects of supplementation of
bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) and select feed additives (myristic acid [MA], benzoic acid [BA], and Aspergillus niger probiotic [PRO]) in feeding program for pullets from the onset of lay through to 31 weeks of age (woa). Parameters measured included hen-day egg production (HDEP), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), egg quality characteristics, ceca microbial activity, apparent retention of components, and plasma metabolites. A total of 1,200 Lohmann LSL Lite pullets were procured at 18 woa and placed in enriched cages (30 birds/cage) based on body weight (BW) and allocated to five diets. The diets were a basal diet formulated to meet specifications or basal mixed with either BMD, MA, BA, or PRO. Birds had free access to feed and water throughout the experiment. Between 18 and 20 woa, birds fed BMD ate a similar (P > 0.05) amount of feed to BA birds, but more (P = 0.0003) than birds fed basal, MA, or PRO diets. Basal birds had lower HDEP (P = 0.001) and lighter eggs (P < 0.0001) than birds fed any of the feed additives between 21 and 31 woa. The basal hens had a higher (P = 0.009) abundance of Escherichia coli than birds fed BMD, BA, and PRO diets. Consequently, BMD, BA, and PRO birds had a higher (P = 0.011) Lactobacilli: E. coli ratio (LER) than hens fed the basal diet. Specifically, relative to basal-fed hens, the LER of the BMD, MA, BA, and PRO hens was higher by 37%, 21%, 26%, and 45%, respectively. Moreover, birds fed PRO tended to have a higher concentration of ceca digesta acetic acid (P = 0.072) and a lower concentration of isobutyric acid (P = 0.096). In conclusion, supplementing pullet diets with broad-spectrum antibiotics or feed additives (MA, BA, and PRO) had a positive impact on FI, and egg production linked to modulation of indices of gut health. The results suggested supplementing feed additives in feeding programs for pullets at the onset of lay can bolster productivity outcomes.